Mapping status and conservation of global at‐risk marine biodiversity

O’Hara, Casey C.; Villaseñor-Derbez, Juan Carlos; Ralph, Gina M.; Halpern, Benjamin S.

doi:10.1111/conl.12651

Cited by 45 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We converted the species distribution maps to raster format at various spatial scales to correspond to existing datasets in fisheries research, but used a 0.5° latitude by 0.5° longitude for our analysis as it matches the Sea Around Us fisheries catch database. We rasterised the species distribution files following the same process of O'Hara (16).…”

Section: Iucn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the same prioritisation of species IUCN Categories based on regional assessments where possible as in O'Hara (16). Here, regional assessments were matched to associated (i.e., overlapping) marine ecoregions (38) that were then associated with their corresponding cells of the spatial grid used.…”

Section: Iucn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The system assigns species to terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems (with species able to occur in multiple ecosystems) and this was used to restrict our analysis to marine species. In addition, we restricted those within the marine ecosystem to specific habitats to eliminate species that are not dependent on the marine environment nor likely to be affected by fisheries, following O'Hara et al (16). After restricting our analysis to marine dependent species that are threatened by fishing gear and have species range maps available from the IUCN or BirdLife International, our analysis focused on 2,226 number of species ( Fig S2).…”

Section: Iucn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use three main metrics frequently in our analysis. First, we adapted the biodiversity risk score developed by O'Hara et al (16). This indicator is a measure of the average conservation threat status of an area of the marine environment (Equation 3).…”

Section: Fisheries Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use species' distribution range maps with their threat status (14) (for the 2,226 out of 4,579 with distribution maps and gear threats) and combine them with a spatialized fisheries catch by gear database (15). We use gear threats by species described by the IUCN, and weight IUCN conservation status on a linear scale to adapt the biodiversity risk score (16) as an 'average' threat status of marine species within an area by fishing gear. We also use a weighted threat score based on these same criteria but not scaled by the number of species for all marine areas of the world (Table S1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Low cost conservation: Fishing gear threats to marine species

Cashion

Tai

Lam

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Understanding conflicts between objectives of fisheries and conservation is the key to finding win-win situations for marine biodiversity and fishers. Many marine species are threatened by harmful interactions with fisheries, but the threats they face are associated with the fishing gear used. Here, we undertake a novel analysis of marine species and their gear-specific threats to evaluate conservation-fisheries trade-offs to identify areas with high competing goals. Our analysis suggests that gillnet and longline fisheries pose the greatest risk to marine species yet deliver relatively low profits, emphasizing the inefficiencies of these gears. We find that the majority of the high seas has low economic fisheries benefits with over 25% of the high seas categorized as areas of ‘conservation prioritisation’ over fisheries.

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Section: Iucn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iucn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iucn Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fisheries Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Low cost conservation: Fishing gear threats to marine species

Cashion

Tai

Lam

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Mapping Biodiversity Coast‐to‐Coast‐to‐Coast Across Canada's Three Oceans Using eDNA Metabarcoding

Jacquemot,

Hunt,

et al. 2024

Environmental DNA

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Marine biodiversity worldwide is rapidly declining, and nowhere is this more evident than in coastal ecosystems where the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities concentrate. The ongoing biodiversity crisis affects all components of the marine food web, but data required to monitor biodiversity shifts at continental scales are scarce and taxonomically and spatially heterogeneous. The application of environmental DNA metabarcoding can complement traditional approaches to monitoring marine biodiversity, but its efficiency in detecting large‐scale biogeographic breaks remains to be tested. Using 86 coastal surface water samples collected during the Canada C3 expedition in the summer of 2017, we investigated metazoan biodiversity across Canada's three oceans—North Pacific, Arctic and North Atlantic—using multi‐marker eDNA metabarcoding. The resulting dataset, combining information from seven separate amplicons, identified 1477 unique species ranging from zooplankton to marine mammals. We found that marine coastal biodiversity around Canada separated into four clusters that overlapped with known marine ecoregions, indicating a higher connectivity between the Arctic and Atlantic than between the Arctic and Pacific clusters. However, the detection of Pacific salmon eDNA in the Canadian Arctic suggests that these species may be extending their Pacific distribution range poleward. By comparing the distribution of eDNA with species occurrence recorded in the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) for Canada and Alaska coastal waters, we identified 324 “unexpected” species. These results demonstrate the importance of primer selection for species‐specific applications of eDNA metabarcoding and provide a benchmark for further work aimed at validating species identification and map species distribution at large spatial scale. Our results showed that eDNA metabarcoding is a powerful method for monitoring biodiversity shifts at an interoceanic scale. Integrating eDNA into monitoring programs can provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes associated with climate change and contribute to filling gaps in the distribution of species‐at‐risk.

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Unique Southern African Terrestrial and Oceanic Biomes and Their Relation to Steep Environmental Gradients

Sell,

von Maltitz,

Auel

et al. 2024

Ecological Studies

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The southern African subcontinent and its surrounding oceans accommodate globally unique ecoregions, characterized by exceptional biodiversity and endemism. This diversity is shaped by extended and steep physical gradients or environmental discontinuities found in both ocean and terrestrial biomes. The region’s biodiversity has historically been the basis of life for indigenous cultures and continues to support countless economic activities, many of them unsustainable, ranging from natural resource exploitation, an extensive fisheries industry and various forms of land use to nature-based tourism.Being at the continent’s southern tip, terrestrial species have limited opportunities for adaptive range shifts under climate change, while warming is occurring at an unprecedented rate. Marine climate change effects are complex, as warming may strengthen thermal stratification, while shifts in regional wind regimes influence ocean currents and the intensity of nutrient-enriching upwelling.The flora and fauna of marine and terrestrial southern African biomes are of vital importance for global biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. They thus deserve special attention in further research on the impacts of anthropogenic pressures including climate change. Excellent preconditions exist in the form of long-term data sets of high quality to support scientific advice for future sustainable management of these vulnerable biomes.

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Mapping status and conservation of global at‐risk marine biodiversity

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Low cost conservation: Fishing gear threats to marine species

Low cost conservation: Fishing gear threats to marine species

Mapping Biodiversity Coast‐to‐Coast‐to‐Coast Across Canada's Three Oceans Using eDNA Metabarcoding

Unique Southern African Terrestrial and Oceanic Biomes and Their Relation to Steep Environmental Gradients

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