Mapping Sulcal Pattern Asymmetry and Local Cortical Surface Gray Matter Distribution In Vivo: Maturation in Perisylvian Cortices

Sowell, Elizabeth R.; Thompson, Paul M.; Rex, David E.; Kornsand, David; Tessner, Kevin D.; Jernigan, Terry L.; Toga, Arthur W.

doi:10.1093/cercor/12.1.17

Cited by 201 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…3, right) as asymmetric. This confirms results by Sowell et al (2002), who found the most prominent area of asymmetry in adult subjects in the inferior prefrontal cortex. Memory-related cortices (e.g., the parahippocampal gyrus and the retrosplenical cortex, Table 3) and gross white matter bundles (e.g., the corona radiata and the knee region of the internal capsule) become more asymmetric with age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Alternative, surface-based approaches characterize gyral and sulcal pattern variations across subjects in order to remove confounds of cortical surface variability (Thompson et al, 1997(Thompson et al, , 1998Sowell et al, 2001Sowell et al, , 2002Narr et al, 2001a,b). Both approaches retain information about morphometric measures from individual subjects and facilitate the detection of fine structural differences in brain anatomy (e.g., local shape variation, local gray matter concentration, and asymmetry).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender and age effects in structural brain asymmetry as measured by MRI texture analysis

Kovalev¹,

Kruggel²,

Cramon³

2003

NeuroImage

142

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Effects of gender and age on structural brain asymmetry were studied by 3D texture analysis in 380 adults. Asymmetry is detected by comparing the complex 3D gray-scale image patterns in the left and right cerebral hemispheres as revealed by anatomical T1-weighted MRI datasets. The Talairach and Tournoux parcellation system was applied to study the asymmetry on five levels: the whole cerebrum, nine coronal sections, 12 axial sections, boxes resulting from both coronal and axial subdivisions, and by a sliding spherical window of 9 mm diameter. The analysis revealed that the brain asymmetry increases in the anterior-posterior direction starting from the central region onward. Male brains were found to be more asymmetric than female. This gender-related effect is noticeable in all brain areas but is most significant in the superior temporal gyrus, Heschl's gyrus, the adjacent white matter regions in the temporal stem and the knee of the optic radiation, the thalamus, and the posterior cingulate. The brain asymmetry increases significantly with age in the inferior frontal gyrus, anterior insula, anterior cingulate, parahippocampal gyrus, retrosplenial cortex, coronal radiata, and knee region of the internal capsule. Asymmetry decreases with age in the optic radiation, precentral gyrus, and angular gyrus. The texture-based method reported here is based on extended multisort cooccurrence matrices that employ intensity, gradient, and anisotropy features in a uniform way. It is sensitive, simple to reproduce, robust, and unbiased in the sense that segmentation of brain compartments and spatial transformations are not necessary. Thus, it should be considered as another tool for digital morphometry in neuroscience.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and age effects in structural brain asymmetry as measured by MRI texture analysis

Kovalev¹,

Kruggel²,

Cramon³

2003

NeuroImage

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…color or object processing) tasks is not conclusive, as it seems likely that even cortical territories known to be distinct would be found to overlap with this method. This is especially true when the method is applied across different groups of subjects, although individual sulci are known to vary at least up to 1 cm (Sowell et al, 2002;Thompson et al, 1996).…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area

2004

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Is there specialization for visual word recognition within the visual ventral stream of literate human adults? We review the evidence for a specialized ''visual word form area'' and critically examine some of the arguments recently placed against this hypothesis. Three distinct forms of specialization must be distinguished: functional specialization, reproducible localization, and regional selectivity. Examination of the literature with this theoretical division in mind indicates that reading activates a precise subpart of the left ventral occipitotemporal sulcus, and that patients with pure alexia consistently exhibit lesions of this region (reproducible localization). Second, this region implements processes adequate for reading in a specific script, such as invariance across upper-and lower-case letters, and its lesion results in the selective loss of reading-specific processes (functional specialization). Third, the issue of regional selectivity, namely, the existence of putative cortical patches dedicated to letter and word recognition, cannot be resolved by positron emission tomography or lesion data, but requires high-resolution neuroimaging techniques. The available evidence from single-subject fMRI and intracranial recordings suggests that some cortical sites respond preferentially to letter strings than to other categories of visual stimuli such as faces or objects, though the preference is often relative rather than absolute. We conclude that learning to read results in the progressive development of an inferotemporal region increasingly responsive to visual words, which is aptly named the visual word form area (VWFA).

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“…Several studies have measured or mapped brain changes in children and adolescents scanned repeatedly during childhood and adolescence (Chung et al, 2001a,b;Giedd et al, 1999;Gogtay et al, 2004;Sowell et al, 1999aSowell et al, ,b, 2001Sowell et al, , 2002aSowell et al, ,b, 2004aThompson et al, 2000aThompson et al, ,b, 2001a. The dynamics of brain change across the adult human life span are highly nonlinear (Jernigan et al, 1991;Sowell et al, 2003a,b).…”

Section: Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping cortical change in Alzheimer's disease, brain development, and schizophrenia

et al. 2004

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This paper describes algorithms that can identify patterns of brain structure and function associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, normal aging, and abnormal brain development based on imaging data collected in large human populations. Extraordinary information can be discovered with these techniques: dynamic brain maps reveal how the brain grows in childhood, how it changes in disease, and how it responds to medication. Genetic brain maps can reveal genetic influences on brain structure, shedding light on the nature-nurture debate, and the mechanisms underlying inherited neurobehavioral disorders. Recently, we created time-lapse movies of brain structure for a variety of diseases. These identify complex, shifting patterns of brain structural deficits, revealing where, and at what rate, the path of brain deterioration in illness deviates from normal. Statistical criteria can then identify situations in which these changes are abnormally accelerated, or when medication or other interventions slow them. In this paper, we focus on describing our approaches to map structural changes in the cortex. These methods have already been used to reveal the profile of brain anomalies in studies of dementia, epilepsy, depression, childhoodand adult-onset schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, fetal alcohol syndrome, Tourette syndrome, Williams syndrome, and in methamphetamine abusers. Specifically, we describe an image analysis pipeline known as cortical pattern matching that helps compare and pool cortical data over time and across subjects. Statistics are then defined to identify brain structural differences between groups, including localized alterations in cortical thickness, gray matter density (GMD), and asymmetries in cortical organization. Subtle features, not seen in individual brain scans, often emerge when population-based brain data are averaged in this way. Illustrative examples are presented to show the profound effects of development and various diseases on the human cortex. Dynamically spreading waves of gray matter loss are tracked in dementia and schizophrenia, and these sequences are related to normally occurring changes in healthy subjects of various ages. D 2004 Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Mapping Sulcal Pattern Asymmetry and Local Cortical Surface Gray Matter Distribution In Vivo: Maturation in Perisylvian Cortices

Cited by 201 publications

References 42 publications

Gender and age effects in structural brain asymmetry as measured by MRI texture analysis

Gender and age effects in structural brain asymmetry as measured by MRI texture analysis

Specialization within the ventral stream: the case for the visual word form area

Mapping cortical change in Alzheimer's disease, brain development, and schizophrenia

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