Mapping the geographical consolidation of fishing activities in Iceland during the maturation of the ITQ fisheries management system

Abstract

Mapping the geographical consolidation of fishing activities in Iceland during the maturation of the ITQ fisheries management system 2018 Post-print (lokagerð höfundar)

A transition to sustainable ocean governance

“… Chilean TURFs (Box 3 ). Pacific Islands’ Nauru Agreement - cooperative fishing trading Iceland ITQ fisheries 125 , 126 Added small boat ITQs in response to social concerns about sector consolidation in large commercial ITQ enterprises Western Alaska Community Development Quota – designed for rural communities 127 iii. Pre-competitive collaboration and supply chain transparency Declining fish stocks; unstable supply/value chains; inequitable distribution of financial and social impacts of fisheries; lack of transparency in impacts on shared ocean • Improved transparency and oversight of supply chain mechanisms • Enables traceability for supply chain management in fisheries sector, informing consumer choice • Monitoring innovations including vessel monitoring systems (VMS) automatic identification systems (AIS) improving enforcement responses for illegal unreported and unregulated fishing • Supports justice in marine sustainability • Applicable to any ocean-dependent businesses • In the SeaBOS case (Box 4 ), 10 of the world’s largest seafood harvesting companies are managing seafood cooperatively, monitoring their practices and impacts, increasing transparency in supply chains and working together with governments to improve existing regulations concerning aquaculture and fisheries.…”

“…Iceland ITQ fisheries 125 , 126 Added small boat ITQs in response to social concerns about sector consolidation in large commercial ITQ enterprises…”

Community Development Quotas and Support of Small-Scale Fisheries as Two Key Concepts for Blue Growth in Fisheries

“…Especially the Westfjords area, where the fishing industry still is the main income source, was largely impacted with individuals under the age of 40 transmigrating by up to 40% (Mariat-Roy, 2014;Statistics Iceland, 2016;Kokorsch, 2018). This was also shown by Edvardsson et al (2018), who mapped the increased geographical consolidation of fishing activities in Iceland and found that many small fishing communities around Iceland are vulnerable to changes in the industry, especially in the Westfjords area. The importance of SSF varies with region, and while the total catch of some communities might seem small, it may be significant compared to the population size and absence of other economic activities in this region (Chambers et al, , 2020Edvardsson et al, 2018).…”

“…This was also shown by Edvardsson et al (2018), who mapped the increased geographical consolidation of fishing activities in Iceland and found that many small fishing communities around Iceland are vulnerable to changes in the industry, especially in the Westfjords area. The importance of SSF varies with region, and while the total catch of some communities might seem small, it may be significant compared to the population size and absence of other economic activities in this region (Chambers et al, , 2020Edvardsson et al, 2018). In areas where it is possible, fishermen also try to supplement their incomes by being employed in other part-time jobs, which can also mean working on large-scale fishing vessels .…”

Projecting climate-driven shifts in demersal fish habitat in Iceland’s waters

“…Fishers in these waters may see cod supplemented by warmer-water species such as monkfish and megrim. The impact of these shifts may be felt unevenly within the fishing industry as larger companies with more technological capacity are less dependent on proximity to fishing grounds than smaller companies (Edvardsson et al 2018). Local small boat operations could be further disadvantaged by the projected decreased habitat suitability for several species in inshore areas, particularly in the fisheries-dependent northwest region.…”