Mapping the Risk of Yellow Fever Infection

Hill, David R.

doi:10.1007/s11908-012-0256-6

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Deforestation increases biting by canopy-dwelling vectors at ground level, and colonization of new areas in endemic zones (eg, migration of unvaccinated coastal dwellers into the hinterland in Peru) resulted in an increase in YF cases. 1 Current risk areas for YF are described in the publications by Jentes et al, 3 Hill, 4 and Rogers et al 5 One estimate is that in Africa since 2008 only 1%–2% of the cases suspected on clinical grounds had laboratory proof. Mortality from YF in Africa is ~20% and 40%–60% in Latin America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease: current perspectives

Thomas

2016

DDDT

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PurposeTo assess those published cases of yellow fever (YF) vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease that meet the Brighton Collaboration criteria and to assess the safety of YF vaccine with respect to viscerotropic disease.Literature searchTen electronic databases were searched with no restriction of date or language and reference lists of retrieved articles.MethodsAll abstracts and titles were independently read by two reviewers and data independently entered by two reviewers.ResultsAll serious adverse events that met the Brighton Classification criteria were associated with first YF vaccinations. Sixty-two published cases (35 died) met the Brighton Collaboration viscerotropic criteria, with 32 from the US, six from Brazil, five from Peru, three from Spain, two from the People’s Republic of China, one each from Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Ecuador, France, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Portugal, and the UK, and four with no country stated. Two cases met both the viscerotropic and YF vaccine-associated neurologic disease criteria. Seventy cases proposed by authors as viscerotropic disease did not meet any Brighton Collaboration viscerotropic level of diagnostic certainty or any YF vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease causality criteria (37 died).ConclusionViscerotropic disease is rare in the published literature and in pharmacovigilance databases. All published cases were from developing countries. Because the symptoms are usually very severe and life threatening, it is unlikely that cases would not come to medical attention (but might not be published). Because viscerotropic disease has a highly predictable pathologic course, it is likely that viscerotropic disease post-YF vaccine occurs in low-income countries with the same incidence as in developing countries. YF vaccine is a very safe vaccine that likely confers lifelong immunity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease: current perspectives

Thomas

2016

DDDT

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“…Due to the conflict in Darfur, which had been started since 2003, all sectors including health care system have been affected. No disease surveillance to detect infectious disease outbreak [13]. The Yellow fever disease outbreak affected 35 localities out of 64 localities.…”

Section: Results Yellow Fever In Darfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow Fever Outbreak in Darfur Region-Sudan 2012, a Response to Health Crisis

Elduma

2022

Glob. J. Epidemiol. Public Health

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Yellow fever is highly infectious diseases and infect human through the bite of mosquitoes. So, yellow fever needs more efforts to control its transmission in both human and mosquitoes. Sudan is a limited resource and finds difficulties in controlling emerging diseases. This paper explains the situation during a yellow outbreak in the Darfur region, where long lasting conflict was occurring. This conflict is affected on the health system and it was become unable to detect infectious diseases at earlier stages. Also, we discussed the efforts that were made by world community towards controlling this disease. In November 2012, Yellow fever outbreak has been reported in the Darfur region in Sudan. The Yellow fever disease outbreak affected 35 localities in four out of five states that comprise the Darfur region December 2012. According to the ministry of Health, 849 people have been infected and 171 (4.96%) died due to this outbreak. The objective is to study the response of different partners in controlling yellow fever outbreak in the Darfur region in Sudan. This is descriptive study, reviews the information regarding yellow fever, and collected data from different sources. Response to this outbreak was made by contribution from different sectors including the federal ministry of health and the international community. Health authorities provided the technical and partial financial assistances to stop disease spread, while the international community, representing in United Nation agencies and NGOs was provided the essential funding to vaccinate population in the Darfur region. Long lasting conflict in countries with limited resources weakened the health system and makes the surveillance unable to detect disease outbreak. Diseases outbreak such as yellow fever need rapid response in order to diagnose and control the disease. Yellow fever outbreak needs contribution of all sectors to control it.

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“…Yellow fever is a mosquito-borne flavivirus infection endemic in 32 countries in Africa and 13 in South America 14. It is a viral hemorrhagic fever and carries a case-fatality rate of 20% to 50%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Compliance of Travelers with Vaccination and Malaria Prophylaxis at a Travel Clinic

Kwon

Lee

et al. 2019

J Korean Med Sci

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Background Pre-travel medical consultation is essential to reduce health impairment during travel. Yellow fever vaccination (YFV) is mandatory to enter some endemic countries. In this study, we evaluated the factors that affect compliance with appropriate prevention of infectious diseases in travelers who visited clinic for YFV. Methods For this retrospective study, chart reviews for 658 patients who visited a travel clinic for YFV before travel were conducted. The period of this study was from January 2016 to September 2018. The associations between appropriate vaccination and factors such as travel duration, destination, time of visiting clinic before departure, and purpose of travel were analyzed. Results Among 658 patients who got YFV during the study period, 344 patients (52.3%) received additional vaccination or malaria prophylaxis following a physician's recommendation. Travelers who visited the clinic more than 21 days before departure were more compliant than those who visited 14 days or fewer before departure (odds ratio [OR], 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–2.93; P = 0.004). Travelers visiting Africa were more compliant than were those traveling to South and Central America (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.34–2.90; P = 0.001). Travelers in age groups of 40-49 years and over 70 years were less compliant than the 18–29 years old population (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28–0.93; P = 0.027 and OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04–0.84; P = 0.03, respectively). Also, those who traveled for tour or to visit friends or relatives were more compliant than those who departed for business (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 1.03–3.56; P = 0.04). Conclusion For appropriate vaccination, pre-travel consultation at least 3 weeks before departure is crucial. Travelers should be aware of required vaccination and malaria prophylaxis before visiting South and Central America and Asia. Plans to enhance compliance of the elderly and business travelers should be contrived.

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Mapping the Risk of Yellow Fever Infection

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease: current perspectives

Yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease: current perspectives

Yellow Fever Outbreak in Darfur Region-Sudan 2012, a Response to Health Crisis

Determinants of Compliance of Travelers with Vaccination and Malaria Prophylaxis at a Travel Clinic

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