Mapping the Vulnerability of Arctic Wetlands to Global Warming

Kåresdotter, Elisie; Destouni, Georgia; Ghajarnia, Navid; Hugelius, Gustaf; Kalantari, Zahra

doi:10.1029/2020ef001858

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…While past studies have hypothesized that wet ecosystems offer the potential to alleviate soil moisture growth limitations and therefore offer a potential long‐term refugia for boreal species, our results are the first to confirm this finding using an expansive field data set collected across broad environmental gradients. These results bolster existing support for targeted protection of Far North wetlands (Kåresdotter et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Searching for refuge: A framework for identifying site factors conferring resistance to climate‐driven vegetation change

Raiho

Scharf

Roland

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Climate change is occurring at accelerated rates in high latitude regions such as Alaska, causing alterations in woody plant growth and associated ecosystem patterns and processes. Our aim is to assess the magnitude and speed that climate‐induced changes in woody plant distribution and volume may be reduced and/or slowed by relatively static landscape features like physical characteristics (e.g. depth to gravel, mineral cover percent and slope degree) and/or edaphic properties (e.g. soil organic matter, soil pH and site wetness rating) that resist climate‐vegetation responses. Location We leveraged a large field data set collected across a network of Alaskan national parks, which allows for comprehensive spatial data analysis over a uniquely large spatial extent. Methods To learn about the conditions that may either impede or accelerate vegetation changes in northern Alaska, we used a Bayesian hierarchical model to identify which landscape features may decelerate change or offer refuge for plant species. Our model quantifies the contribution of fast (‘dynamic’) versus slow (‘static’) changing variables to predict plant volume and categorize landscape types into either robust or nonrobust to climate changes. Results We found that two landscape features, low soil wetness and low soil organic matter comprising 63.1% of sites in the data set, were the most likely landscape features to inhibit vegetation expansion. We also found that fewer numbers of sites have the potential to offer refuge to existing plant species (5.43% on average) because few sites had high soil wetness as a landscape feature. Main conclusions Our analyses highlight the importance of incorporating static covariates representing landscape resistance to vegetation change for improving realism in forecasts of vegetation change in Alaska.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Searching for refuge: A framework for identifying site factors conferring resistance to climate‐driven vegetation change

Raiho

Scharf

Roland

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Indeed, supplementing fen soils in the tundra with NO 3 – and NO 2 – has shown to promote N 2 O emissions [ 101 ]. Moreover, climate change models predict lowering of the water table in high-latitude wetlands, which could lead to increased N 2 O emissions from these ecosystems which contain substantial amounts of both C and N bound to the soil organic matter [ 102 , 103 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-depth characterization of denitrifier communities across different soil ecosystems in the tundra

Pessi

Viitamäki

Virkkala

et al. 2022

Environmental Microbiome

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Background In contrast to earlier assumptions, there is now mounting evidence for the role of tundra soils as important sources of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). However, the microorganisms involved in the cycling of N2O in this system remain largely uncharacterized. Since tundra soils are variable sources and sinks of N2O, we aimed at investigating differences in community structure across different soil ecosystems in the tundra. Results We analysed 1.4 Tb of metagenomic data from soils in northern Finland covering a range of ecosystems from dry upland soils to water-logged fens and obtained 796 manually binned and curated metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). We then searched for MAGs harbouring genes involved in denitrification, an important process driving N2O emissions. Communities of potential denitrifiers were dominated by microorganisms with truncated denitrification pathways (i.e., lacking one or more denitrification genes) and differed across soil ecosystems. Upland soils showed a strong N2O sink potential and were dominated by members of the Alphaproteobacteria such as Bradyrhizobium and Reyranella. Fens, which had in general net-zero N2O fluxes, had a high abundance of poorly characterized taxa affiliated with the Chloroflexota lineage Ellin6529 and the Acidobacteriota subdivision Gp23. Conclusions By coupling an in-depth characterization of microbial communities with in situ measurements of N2O fluxes, our results suggest that the observed spatial patterns of N2O fluxes in the tundra are related to differences in the composition of denitrifier communities.

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“…Indeed, supplementing fen soils in the tundra with NO 3 - and NO 2 - has shown to promote N 2 O emissions [96]. Moreover, climate change models predict lowering of the water table in high-latitude wetlands, which could lead to increased N 2 O emissions from these ecosystems which contain substantial amounts of both C and N bound to the soil organic matter [97, 98].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-depth characterization of denitrifier communities across different soil ecosystems in the tundra

Pessi

Viitamäki

Virkkala

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In contrast to earlier assumptions, there is now mounting evidence for the role of tundra soils as important sources of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). However, the microorganisms involved in the cycling of N2O in these soils remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we manually binned and curated 541 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from tundra soils in northern Finland. We then searched for MAGs encoding enzymes involved in denitrification, the main biotic process driving N2O emissions. Denitrifying communities were dominated by poorly characterized taxa with truncated denitrification pathways, i.e. lacking one or more denitrification genes. Among these, MAGs with the metabolic potential to produce N2O comprised the most diverse functional group. Re-analysis of a previously published metagenomic dataset from soils in northern Sweden supported these results, suggesting that truncated denitrifiers are dominant throughout the tundra biome.

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Mapping the Vulnerability of Arctic Wetlands to Global Warming

Cited by 31 publications

References 63 publications

Searching for refuge: A framework for identifying site factors conferring resistance to climate‐driven vegetation change

Searching for refuge: A framework for identifying site factors conferring resistance to climate‐driven vegetation change

In-depth characterization of denitrifier communities across different soil ecosystems in the tundra

In-depth characterization of denitrifier communities across different soil ecosystems in the tundra

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