Marble Characterization by Ultrasonic Methods

Boudani, Mohamed El; Wilkie-Chancellier, Nicolas; Martínez, López; Hébert, Ronan; Rolland, Olivier; Forst, Sébastien; Vergès‐Belmin, Véronique; Serfaty, Sylvia

doi:10.1016/j.proeps.2015.08.061

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The correlation of the P-wave velocity determined by ultrasonic measurements and the weathering state of marble was confirmed by many scientific analyses (Ahmad et al 2009;Babacan and Gelisli 2015;Boudani et al 2015;Dürrast et al 1999;Fleischer 2002;Köhler 1991Köhler , 2014Lindner et al 1999;Menningen et al 2018a, 2018b, 2019, Rüdrich 2003Rüdrich et al 2013;Siegesmund et al 2000a;Siegesmund et al 2004b;Weiss et al 1999;Weiss et al 2002a). Whereas the P-wave velocity of a quarry fresh marble is relatively high [6-7 (km/s)], it decreases with increasing weathering state.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Marble decay: towards a measure of marble degradation based on ultrasonic wave velocities and thermal expansion data

2021

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Marble as ornamental and dimensional stones as well as in their natural environments show complex weathering phenomena. Physical, chemical, and biological weathering of marble are well documented. The impact of climate change on monuments and historic buildings in terms of modeling and predicting future scenarios requires new approaches to forecast the ongoing decay in the near and far future. Ultrasonic wave velocities are a powerful and sensitive tool for the damage assessment of marble. For a maximum porosity of up to 1%, ultrasonic wave velocities (P-wave velocities) are ranging between 1 km/s and over 6 km/s. Water saturation has an important influence on the magnitude and directional dependence of ultrasonic wave velocities together with the mineralogical composition and the rock fabrics. Ongoing experimental alteration approaches were used to document the state of deterioration using Vp-systematics. In addition, thermal expansion and the residual strain values after applying thermal impacts were used to introduce a new quantitative measure based on experimental length changes and volume changes. To quantify such volume changes, a so-called decay index was proposed. Marbles are sensitive to weathering and have different volume changes under exposure depending on fabric parameters. The volume extension index of marble, based on thermal expansion measurements under dry and water-saturated conditions, is proposed as a decay index for quantifying sample stability and for defining the directions of maximum and minimal dilatation. Such decay index was implemented to different marble types and it was turned out that marbles with the larger decay indexes are more prone to weathering than with smaller ones. The effect of changing climate and, in consequence, different weathering actions can help to calculate or forecast risk numbers based on the Vp data in combination with the proposed decay index especially for marbles.

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