Marburg agent disease: In man

Martini, G. A.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(69)90001-7

Cited by 90 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Gupta et al (47) were able to establish persistent infection with MA-ZEBOV in immunodeficient mice. The fact that during naturally acquired human infections filoviruses have been isolated from seminal fluid months after disease onset and recovery, also suggests that more prolonged filoviral infections or delay in virus clearance from privileged sites can occur (29,(48)(49)(50)(51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of Ebola virus production from persistent infection through activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway

Strong

Wong²,

Jones³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Human infections with Ebola virus (EBOV) result in a deadly viral disease known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Up to 90% of infected patients die, and there is no available treatment or vaccine. The sporadic human outbreaks are believed to result when EBOV ''jumps'' from an infected animal to a person and is subsequently transmitted between persons by direct contact with infected blood or body fluids. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism by which EBOV can persistently infect and then escape from model cell and animal reservoir systems. We report a model system in which infection of mouse and bat cell lines with EBOV leads to persistence, which can be broken with low levels of lipopolysaccharide or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). This reactivation depends on the Ras/MAPK pathway through inhibition of RNA-dependent protein kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 2␣ phosphorylation and occurs at the level of protein synthesis. EBOV also can be evoked from mice 7 days after infection by PMA treatment, indicating that a similar mechanism occurs in vivo. Our findings suggest that EBOV may persist in nature through subclinical infection of a reservoir species, such as bats, and that appropriate physiological stimulation may result in increased replication and transmission to new hosts. Identification of a presumptive mechanism responsible for EBOV emergence from its reservoir underscores the ''hit-and-run'' nature of the initiation of human and/or nonhuman primate EBOV outbreaks and may provide insight into possible countermeasures to interfere with transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of Ebola virus production from persistent infection through activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway

Strong

Wong²,

Jones³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The first occurred in Marburg and Frankfurt, West Germany, in 1967(Martini, 1969 and the second in Johannesburg in 1975 (Gear, 1975). This case report describes the third patient in the Johannesburg outbreak, who developed an anterior uveitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Uveal involvement in Marburg virus disease.

Kuming¹,

Kokoris²

1977

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Similarly, the 1996 Mayibout outbreak in Gabon originated from children who found and butchered a chimpanzee in the forest (Georges et al, 1999). Similar sources have been reported for Marburg virus which caused the 1967 outbreak in Marburg and Belgrade linked to the handling of organs and tissues of C. aethiops monkeys imported from Uganda (Smith et al, 1967;Martini, 1969). Practically all the sources of Ebolavirus outbreaks in Democratic Republic of Congo and Gabon were related to animal carcasses of gorillas, chimpanzees and duikers, hunted and handled since the forest (Olloba, 2001;Grand-Etoumbi, 2002;Entsiami 2002;Yembelengoye, 2002;Leroy et al, 2004b) It is also noteworthy that the Australian who was infected by Marburg virus (and subsequently infected two other people in Johannesburg in 1975) had just returned from a trip to Zimbabwe, during which he had slept frequently in the open and once in an abandoned house, the loft of which was inhabited by numerous bats.…”

Section: Investigation Of the Zoonotic Origin Of Filoviral Hemorrhagimentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Infected monkeys presented typical hemorrhagic fever clinical tables (Jahrling et al, 1990;Peters et al, 1992). That first Marburg outbreak reported with severe viral hemorrhagic fever was related to the handling of organs and tissues from those green monkeys (Smith et al, 1967;Martini, 1969). Eight years later, the first manifestation of Marburgvirus in Africa happened, in Johannesburg, South Africa, in February 1975, sporadic and fatal.…”

Section: Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever (Mhf) or Marburg Viral Disease (Mvd)mentioning

confidence: 99%