Marburg virus disease treatments and vaccines: recent gaps and implications

Albakri, Khaled; Al-Hajali, Momen; Saleh, Othman; Alkhalil, Ayah M; Mohd, Ahmed B; Samain, Carla A; Abuasad, Nadeen N; Hasan, Hanan; Khaity, Abdulrhman; Farahat, Ramadan Abdelmoez

doi:10.1097/ms9.0000000000000163

“…Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were effective against non-human primates (Mehedi et al, 2011 ). A mAb MR 191-N was also tried in the lab, and results are yet to be disclosed (Albakri et al, 2023 ). REGNEB3, ZMapp and mAb114 that successfully treated Ebola may be considered as a good option against MVD too (Kortepeter et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The urgency of Marburg therapeutics: preventing local outbreaks from the potential global spread

Suvvari,

Mahal,

Kandi

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…It is currently indicated that there are at least 115 clinical trials at various stages globally on the National Institute of Health (NIH) website either completed or in progress. Of these three vaccines are at various stages of development and are viral-vector modified with two monoclonal antibody therapeutics recently recommended by the WHO (see Supplementary Materials) 120,[138][139][140] . We concur with other authors, as in 2023, in vitro research with recombinant shed GP further indicated the complexities and unknown EBOV immunological mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filoviridae: Insights into Immune Responses to Ebolavirus

Brown

2023

Preprint

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Ebola virus is a zoonotic virus comprised of 6 different species designated within the family Filoviridae and genus Ebolavirus. The first recorded outbreak of an Ebola virus (EBOV) was in Yambuku, Zaire (ZEBOV) in 1976, followed by Sudan Ebola virus (SUBOV) later that year. Outbreaks have been increasing throughout the 21st century, and mortality rates can reach up to 90%. Such extraordinary virulence is evidenced with few pathogens, similarly with Marburg virus (MARV) that originated in Uganda and was first detected in Germany in 1967. The virulent nature of filovirus disease has established these related viruses as a formidable global concern. There are currently four types of Ebolaviridae species known to infect humans, with two more recently identified in other animals that are genomically different with respect to cellular pathogenesis or aetiology of disease. Recent advances into understanding the pathogenesis of filovirus disease infections have been remarkable, yet the immunological response to filovirus infection remains unknown. Scientific analysis of cellular mechanisms can provide insight into virulence factors utilised by other pathogenic viruses that also cause febrile illness with occasional haemorrhagic fever in humans. In this review, we aim to provide a brief summary of EBOV proteins and the role of innate and adaptive immune cells known since 2000. We will consider the relevance and implications of immunological proteins measured by CD marker, alongside cytokine, chemokine and other biologically relevant pathways, as well as genetic research. Thorough understanding of immunological correlates affecting host responses to Ebola viruses will facilitate both clinical and applied research knowledge, contributing towards protection against potential public health threats.

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“…It is currently indicated that there are at least 115 clinical trials at various stages globally on the National Institute of Health (NIH) website either completed or in progress. Of these three vaccines are at various stages of development that are viralvector modified with two monoclonal antibody therapeutics recently recommended by the WHO (see Supplementary Materials) 120,[138][139][140] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filoviridae: Insights into Immune Responses to Ebolavirus

Brown¹

2023

Preprint

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ebola virus is a zoonotic virus comprised of 6 different species designated within the family Filoviridae and genus Ebolavirus. The first recorded outbreak of an Ebola virus (EBOV) was in Yambuku, Zaire (ZEBOV) in 1976, followed by Sudan Ebola virus (SUBOV) later that year. Outbreaks have been increasing throughout the 21st century, and mortality rates can reach up to 90%. Such extraordinary virulence is evidenced with few pathogens, similarly with Marburg virus (MARV) that originated in Uganda and was first detected in Germany in 1967. The virulent nature of filovirus disease has established these related viruses as a formidable global concern. There are currently four types of Ebolaviridae species known to infect humans, with two more recently identified in other animals that are genomically different with respect to cellular pathogenesis or aetiology of disease. Recent advances into understanding the pathogenesis of filovirus disease infections have been remarkable, yet the immunological response to filovirus infection remains unknown. Scientific analysis of cellular mechanisms can provide insight into virulence factors utilised by other pathogenic viruses that also cause febrile illness with occasional haemorrhagic fever in humans. In this review, we aim to provide a brief summary of EBOV proteins and the role of innate and adaptive immune cells known since 2000. We will consider the relevance and implications of immunological proteins measured by CD marker, alongside cytokine, chemokine and other biologically relevant pathways, as well as genetic research. Thorough understanding of immunological correlates affecting host responses to Ebola viruses will facilitate both clinical and applied research knowledge, contributing towards protection against potential public health threats.

show abstract

Marburg virus disease treatments and vaccines: recent gaps and implications

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

The urgency of Marburg therapeutics: preventing local outbreaks from the potential global spread

The urgency of Marburg therapeutics: preventing local outbreaks from the potential global spread

Filoviridae: Insights into Immune Responses to Ebolavirus

Filoviridae: Insights into Immune Responses to Ebolavirus

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