Marginal Adaptation of a new Formulation of MTA Material used as Root-End Filling: A Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Study

Abstract

Introduction Achieving a hermetic apical seal is mandatory to prevent ingress of any microorganisms or periapical fluids into the root canal system. Therefore it is essential to develop new materials having favorable physical, chemical and biological properties.Aim the purpose of this study was to use scanning electron microscopy to compare the marginal adaptation of new formulation of MTA (Harvard MTA), MTA flow and glass ionomer as root end filling materials using ultrasonic root-end preparation.Methodology Thirty-nine extracted single rooted human teeth were prepared using Protaper Next file system (Dentsply/Sirona) and filled with gutta-percha and MTA fillapex sealer (MTA Fillapex; Angelus, Londrina, Brazil) and obturated using cold lateral compaction technique. The apical 3 mm of the roots were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis of the roots. A 3-mm depth root-end cavity was prepared with ultrasonic tips powered by an Enac ultrasonic device. The teeth were randomly allocated into three groups of 13 teeth each according to filling materials tested. Group I the samples were filled with Harvard MTA (Universal, Handmix, Germany, Harvard), Group II filled with MTA Flow (Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan,UT, USA), group III filled with glass ionomer (Fuji II, GC gold label 2, GC International, Japan). Using SEM the distance between the tested materials and the surrounding dentin was measured at different points. ResultsAccording to the results of Kruskal-Wallis, there was significant difference between the three experimental groups at P value 0.01. The Man Whitney test was used for two-by-two comparison of the groups which revealed no statistical significant difference between MTA flow and MTA Harvard group however; there was statistically significant difference in Glass Ionomer group. Conclusion SEM resultsshowed the presence of gaps in the root-end filling materials in all groups. MTA flow has the best marginal adaptation followed by MTA Harvard while the Glass Ionomer showed the least marginal adaptation.

Marginal Adaptation and Porosity of a Novel MTA Brand Applied as Root-End Filling Material: A Micro-CT Study

“…Only a single piece of research was found, evaluating the marginal adaptation of this cement at the same application site through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). El-Sherief et al [24] reported higher average gap size values with Harvard MTA (7.44 µm) at the interface than those observed in the MTA Flow group (3.95 µm). However, the presented statistical results were inconclusive regarding the significance of this difference.…”

“…Only Jardine et al [27] reported a higher rate of porosity with Biodentine than MTA-Angelus. According to micro-CT investigations, Biodentine demonstrated a TPV% within a range of 2.48-6.66% and external porosity volume percentage (EPV) between 0.616-3.78%, and CPV% varied between 0.024-4.46% [23][24][25][26][27][28]. Only Toia et al [32] reported an unusually high porosity percentage of 50.45%, making this result difficult to interpret.…”

Effect of blood contamination on marginal adaptation of cold ceramic and MTA angelus: a scanning electron microscopic study

“…They measured the gap size between the root-end filling material and root canal wall in longitudinal sections using SEM, and found no significant difference among the three materials, although the gap size was the smallest in MTA and the largest in amalgam. El-Sherief et al [ 28 ] evaluated the marginal adaptation of glass ionomer, MTA Flow and a new formulation known as MTA Harvard as root-end filling materials using SEM. After 24 h, the gap size was significantly smaller in MTA Flow, indicating significantly superior marginal adaptation of MTA Flow compared with other tested materials.…”