Marine biosecurity: protecting indigenous marine species

Cook, Elizabeth; Payne, Robin; Macleod, Adrian; Brown, Sarah

doi:10.2147/rrbs.s63402

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The development of marinas constitutes a significant change to the near-shore environment (Rivero et al 2013 ) and results in a site with high potential for increased establishment of NNS. The high prevalence of NNS found within marinas suggests that incorporating biosecurity measures into marina design and operation might greatly reduce secondary spread of NNS by the recreational sailing sector (Cook et al 2016 ). While there may be some associated costs with changes to project development processes and operation, over 40 % of sailors questioned indicated that they would preferentially use marinas which offered increased biosecurity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Invasive NNS can cause significant economic and social impacts and are estimated to cause global damage amounting to $120 billion annually (Pimentel et al 2005 ). Biosecurity measures including quarantine, customs and legislative controls have long been in place for terrestrial pest species (Cook et al 2016 ). During the last decade, marine invasive NNS have received increased attention from both scientists and policy makers (Genovesi et al 2014 ; Hulme 2009 , 2015 ); yet both ecological knowledge and biosecurity practices to address marine invasive NNS still lag behind those of terrestrial species (Williams and Grosholz 2008 ; Cook et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying the physical features of marina infrastructure associated with the presence of non-native species in the UK

et al. 2016

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Marine invasive non-native species (NNS) are one of the greatest threats to global marine biodiversity, causing significant economic and social impacts. Marinas are increasingly recognised as key reservoirs for invasive NNS. They provide submersed artificial habitat that unintentionally supports the establishment of NNS introduced from visiting recreational vessels. While ballast water and shipping vectors have been well documented, the role of recreational vessels in spreading NNS has been relatively poorly studied. Identification of the main physical features found within marinas, which relate to the presence of NNS, is important to inform the development of effective biosecurity measures and prevent further spread. Towards this aim, physical features that could influence the presence of NNS were assessed for marinas throughout the UK in July 2013. Thirty-three marine and brackish NNS have been recorded in UK marinas, and of the 88 marinas studied in detail, 83 contained between 1 and 13 NNS. Significant differences in freshwater input, marina entrance width and seawall length were associated with the presence of NNS. Additionally, questionnaires were distributed to marina managers and recreational vessel owners to understand current biosecurity practices and attitudes to recreational vessel biosecurity. The main barriers to biosecurity compliance were cited as cost and time. Further work identifying easily distinguished features of marinas could be used as a proxy to assess risk of invasion.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00227-016-2941-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the physical features of marina infrastructure associated with the presence of non-native species in the UK

et al. 2016

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“…Human-mediated introduction of marine species to a region outside their natural range of distribution is widely considered to be the major threat to indigenous species diversity and community structures. This can cause habitat modifications, changes in ecosystem functioning, introduction of new diseases and parasites, and genetic modifications, such as hybridization with the native taxa (Cook et al, 2016). NIS, and especially marine IAS, have an overall impact on the provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting ecosystem services (Kettunen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Impact Of Non-indigenous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation

et al. 2020

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For mitigation of the effects of pollution, the media, policy makers and, in turn, the scientific community and industry each provide contributions through development of a sense of urgency, and with guidelines and solutions. For non-indigenous species (NIS) that can frequently have negative impacts on the native biota, this is often conveyed in an emotive way to the general public, who are typically keen to help and to get personally involved. This might be through organization of cleaning campaigns, influence on the media, or collaboration with scientists, to inform them of the local presence and abundance of NIS. Alternatively, they might proactively develop technological solutions themselves. To assess the current state of affairs, we reviewed the presence and effects of NIS in the Mediterranean Sea. As so often, any well-planned and successful activity is directly linked to financing, or a lack thereof, and this leads to sometimes untargeted and sporadic measures that are developed within a project or over a limited timeframe, without any sustainability measures. Therefore, we also assessed the activities and strategies that have been financed in this area of NIS mitigation. Based on this review of the presence and impact of NIS, and previous and ongoing activities, we propose a new paradigm to mitigate such pollution: the 8Rs model (i.e., Recognize, Reduce, Replace, Reuse, Recycle, Recover/Restore, Remove, and Regulate). This model extends from the more traditional 3Rs model (i.e., Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle) that is often used and promoted for innovative waste management strategies. Importantly, the 8Rs model can be applied sequentially, for either prevention of NIS introduction, or preparation of mitigation measures. The 8Rs model was constructed based on Mediterranean NIS, although we believe it can be applied to other sources of pollution and other geographic areas. Importantly, the 8Rs model represents a general framework to organize and categorize future pollution mitigation strategies. This approach is essential for development of any action plan to influence the administrative and financial decision makers who essentially enable these activities, and therefore who have important roles in the guarantee of sustainability of these actions, and the creation of innovative societies.

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“…Recent research involving the identification and assessment of the risks associated with an activity or event with respect to the introduction of non-native species [58,59] may inform biosecurity planning for the MRE industry. Additional research has also been undertaken identifying the transfer pathways of non-native species that occur in the MRE industry [32,55].…”

Section: Invasive Species Risk and Biosecuritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting an agenda for biofouling research for the marine renewable energy industry

Loxton

Macleod

Nall

et al. 2017

International Journal of Marine Energy

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Abstract:Extensive marine growth on man-made structures in the ocean is commonplace, yet there has been limited discussion about the potential implications of marine growth for the wave and tidal energy industry. In response, the Environmental Interactions of Marine Renewables (EIMR) Biofouling Expert Workshop was convened. Discussions involved participants from the marine renewable energy (MRE) industry, anti-fouling industry, academic institutions and regulatory bodies. The workshop aimed to consider both the benefits and negative effects of biofouling from engineering and ecological perspectives. In order to form an agenda for future research in the area of biofouling and the marine renewable energy industry, 119 topics were generated, categorised and prioritised. Identified areas for future focus fell within four overarching categories: operation and maintenance; structured design and engineering; ecology; and knowledge exchange. It is clear that understanding and minimising biofouling impacts on MRE infrastructure will be vital to the successful development of a reliable and cost effective MRE industry.

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Marine biosecurity: protecting indigenous marine species

Cited by 16 publications

References 68 publications

Identifying the physical features of marina infrastructure associated with the presence of non-native species in the UK

Identifying the physical features of marina infrastructure associated with the presence of non-native species in the UK

Non-indigenous Species in the Mediterranean Sea: Turning From Pest to Source by Developing the 8Rs Model, a New Paradigm in Pollution Mitigation

Setting an agenda for biofouling research for the marine renewable energy industry

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