Marine biotoxins: latest advances and challenges toward seafood safety, using Brazil as a case study

Mafra, Luiz L.; Souza, Daniela Almeida de; Menezes, Mariângela; Schramm, Mathias Alberto; Hoff, Rodrigo Barcellos

doi:10.1016/j.cofs.2023.101078

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The presence of marine biotoxins may represent a very concrete challenge for the use of marine animal co-products. These biotoxins, produced by bacteria, cyanobacteria, and microalgae, are known to bioaccumulate in fish, mollusks, and crustaceans [349][350][351][352][353]. In the case of the presence of biotoxins in fish co-products in particular, this may in fact represent a problem, since fish appear to preferentially accumulate toxins in the viscera rather than in the flesh [354][355][356][357][358].…”

Section: Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Animal Co-Products—How Improving Their Use as Rich Sources of Health-Promoting Lipids Can Foster Sustainability

Monteiro,

Domingues,

Calado

2024

Marine Drugs

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Marine lipids are recognized for their-health promoting features, mainly for being the primary sources of omega-3 fatty acids, and are therefore critical for human nutrition in an age when the global supply for these nutrients is experiencing an unprecedent pressure due to an ever-increasing demand. The seafood industry originates a considerable yield of co-products worldwide that, while already explored for other purposes, remain mostly undervalued as sustainable sources of healthy lipids, often being explored for low-value oil production. These co-products are especially appealing as lipid sources since, besides the well-known nutritional upside of marine animal fat, which is particularly rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, they also have interesting bioactive properties, which may garner them further interest, not only as food, but also for other high-end applications. Besides the added value that these co-products may represent as valuable lipid sources, there is also the obvious ecological upside of reducing seafood industry waste. In this sense, repurposing these bioresources will contribute to a more sustainable use of marine animal food, reducing the strain on already heavily depleted seafood stocks. Therefore, untapping the potential of marine animal co-products as valuable lipid sources aligns with both health and environmental goals by guaranteeing additional sources of healthy lipids and promoting more eco-conscious practices.

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Section: Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Animal Co-Products—How Improving Their Use as Rich Sources of Health-Promoting Lipids Can Foster Sustainability

Monteiro,

Domingues,

Calado

2024

Marine Drugs

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“…Illnesses include paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) induced by the saxitoxin class of toxin, amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) caused by domoic acid, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) caused by brevetoxins, diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) caused by okadaic acid and dinophysis toxins, and azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP) caused by azaspiracids. The causative agents of these illnesses are well described, such that regulatory limits can be applied to protect the health of consumers and to facilitate trade [ 1 , 2 ]. These toxins have traditionally been detected and quantified using a mouse bioassay (MBA) [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Cyclic Imines in Shellfish: Worldwide Occurrence, Toxicity and Assessment of the Risk to Consumers

Finch,

Harwood,

Boundy

et al. 2024

Marine Drugs

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Cyclic imines are a class of lipophilic shellfish toxins comprising gymnodimines, spirolides, pinnatoxins, portimines, pteriatoxins, prorocentrolides, spiro-prorocentrimine, symbiomines and kabirimine. They are structurally diverse, but all share an imine moiety as part of a bicyclic ring system. These compounds are produced by marine microalgal species and are characterized by the rapid death that they induce when injected into mice. Cyclic imines have been detected in a range of shellfish species collected from all over the world, which raises the question as to whether they present a food safety risk. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) considers them to be an emerging food safety issue, and in this review, the risk posed by these toxins to shellfish consumers is assessed by collating all available occurrence and toxicity data. Except for pinnatoxins, the risk posed to human health by the cyclic imines appears low, although this is based on only a limited dataset. For pinnatoxins, two different health-based guidance values have been proposed at which the concentration should not be exceeded in shellfish (268 and 23 µg PnTX/kg shellfish flesh), with the discrepancy caused by the application of different uncertainty factors. Pinnatoxins have been recorded globally in multiple shellfish species at concentrations of up to 54 times higher than the lower guidance figure. Despite this observation, pinnatoxins have not been associated with recorded human illness, so it appears that the lower guidance value may be conservative. However, there is insufficient data to generate a more robust guidance value, so additional occurrence data and toxicity information are needed.

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“…When they enter the human body through the food chain, they are prone to toxic side effects on the liver, cardiovascular system, and nervous system, leading to poisoning in the human body. − Marine biotoxins are small-molecule compounds with molecular weights between 250 and 3000 Da. There are thousands of known marine biotoxins, but structures have only been determined for a few. , The impacts of marine biotoxins on humans include both short-term acute poisoning and long-term accumulation in the body, potentially resulting in cancer and other metabolic diseases. − Therefore, many countries and regions limit their levels of food to the parts per million (ppm) level. Timely and accurate determination of marine biotoxins is of great significance to human health and environmental protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Sensitive and Reliable Immunoassays of Marine Biotoxins: From Rational Design to Food Analysis

Ji,

Wang,

Zhao

2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Marine biotoxins are metabolites produced by algae that can accumulate in shellfish or fish and enter organisms through the food chain, posing a serious threat to biological health. Therefore, accurate and rapid detection is an urgent requirement for food safety. Although various detection methods, including the mouse bioassay, liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry, and cell detection methods, and protein phosphatase inhibition assays have been developed in the past decades, the current detection methods cannot fully meet these demands. Among these methods, the outstanding immunoassay virtues of high sensitivity, reliability, and low cost are highly advantageous for marine biotoxin detection in complex samples. In this work, we review the recent 5-year progress in marine biotoxin immunodetection technologies such as optical immunoassays, electrochemical immunoassays, and piezoelectric immunoassays. With the assistance of immunoassays, the detection of food-related marine biotoxins can be implemented for ensuring public health and preventing food poisoning. In addition, the immunodetection technique platforms including lateral flow chips and microfluidic chips are also discussed. We carefully investigate the advantages and disadvantages for each immunoassay, which are compared to demonstrate the guidance for selecting appropriate immunoassays and platforms for the detection of marine biotoxins. It is expected that this review will provide insights for the further development of immunoassays and promote the rapid progress and successful translation of advanced immunoassays with food safety detection.

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Marine biotoxins: latest advances and challenges toward seafood safety, using Brazil as a case study

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Marine Animal Co-Products—How Improving Their Use as Rich Sources of Health-Promoting Lipids Can Foster Sustainability

Marine Animal Co-Products—How Improving Their Use as Rich Sources of Health-Promoting Lipids Can Foster Sustainability

A Review of Cyclic Imines in Shellfish: Worldwide Occurrence, Toxicity and Assessment of the Risk to Consumers

Toward Sensitive and Reliable Immunoassays of Marine Biotoxins: From Rational Design to Food Analysis

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