Marine conservation beyond MPAs: Towards the recognition of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) in Indonesia

Estradivari,; Agung, Muh. Firdaus; Adhuri, Dedi Supriadi; Ferse, Sebastian C. A.; Sualia, Ita; Andradi-Brown, Dominic A.; Campbell, Stuart J.; Iqbal, Mohamad; Jonas, Harry; Lazuardi, Muhammad Erdi; Nanlohy, Hellen; Pakiding, Fitryanti; Pusparini, Ni Kadek Sri; Ramadhana, Hikmah C.; Ruchimat, Toni; Santiadji, I Wayan Veda; Timisela, Natelda R; Veverka, Laura; Ahmadia, Gabby N.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104939

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In the Bird’s Head Seascape, in particular, greater efficacy when communities actively manage resources themselves is likely a consequence of customary governance structures nested within formalized MPA management regimes. This effect is highlighted by the positive impact of marine management rights, which represent the most direct pathway by which local users actively participate in resource governance ( 37 ). At our study sites, the comanagement of MPAs is primarily “consultative” or “instrumental” ( 38 , 39 ), wherein authorities may consult with local user groups during and after MPA implementation, but management authority ultimately lies solely with the government.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation, not penalties: Community involvement and equitable governance contribute to more effective multiuse protected areas

et al. 2022

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Accelerating ecosystem degradation has spurred proposals to vastly expand the extent of protected areas (PAs), potentially affecting the livelihoods and well-being of indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) worldwide. The benefits of multiuse PAs that elevate the role of IPLCs in management have long been recognized. However, quantitative examinations of how resource governance and the distribution of management rights affect conservation outcomes are vital for long-term sustainability. Here, we use a long-term, quasi-experimental monitoring dataset from four Indonesian marine PAs that demonstrates that multiuse PAs can increase fish biomass, but incorporating multiple governance principles into management regimes and enforcing rules equitably are critical to achieve ecological benefits. Furthermore, we show that PAs predicated primarily on enforcing penalties can be less effective than those where IPLCs have the capacity to engage in management. Our results suggest that well-governed multiuse PAs can achieve conservation objectives without undermining the rights of IPLCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation, not penalties: Community involvement and equitable governance contribute to more effective multiuse protected areas

et al. 2022

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“…▪ Encourage other effective area-based conservation measures alongside government-led MPAs. These are areas with diverse management objectives, including habitat protection, sea tenure for traditional or customary communities, fisheries, and tourism, among other goals (Estradivari et al 2022). A network of such schemes and MPAs can strengthen ocean ecosystem conservation between regions, reduce conflicts of interest, accommodate diverse customs and local wisdom, and provide opportunities for knowledge sharing on successful MPA management in a network.…”

Section: The Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, the government has taken a topdown approach to managing the MPAs, and this may be the problem. There are ongoing efforts to support conservation with other effective areabased conservation measures in areas that are not MPAs (Estradivari et al 2022), for example, community-managed marine areas managed by communities through their customary norms, such as awig-awig, sasi, and area ulayat; private sector marine areas. Area-based conservation measures are implemented in areas that may not fit within the MPA framework because conservation may not be the primary goal and, therefore, the measure has not traditionally been viewed as contributing to conservation, but have the potential to do so.…”

Section: Financing Mpasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Marine Resources and Fisheries Management in Indonesia: A Review

Napitupulu¹,

Tanaya²,

Ayostina³

et al. 2022

WRIPUB

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Climate crisis and unsustainable activities in Indonesia’s marine and fisheries sector have led the ocean into troubled waters. The country must strengthen their commitments to ensure ocean resources are managed sustainably and equitably. This report aggregates the best available data and provides in-depth analysis on marine and fisheries issues to encourage evidence-based approaches in decision-making processes.

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“…Limited availability of data prevents effective monitoring of progress. This includes, for example, data regarding OECMs that could improve the coverage of marine areas protected and help achieve both SDG 14.2 and 14.5 (Gurney et al, 2021;Estradivari et al, 2022). Data on fish stocks for stock assessments is also limited.…”

Section: Socio-ecological Drivers Of Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Development Goal 14 in the Western Indian Ocean: a socio-ecological approach to understanding progress

Andriamahefazafy¹,

Touron-Gardic²,

March³

et al. 2022

WIO J. Mar. Sci.

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The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) intend to “achieve a better and more sustainable future for all people in the world”1. They have become a key driver for policy and decision-making in many regions, including in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region. This paper analyses national and regional progress towards achieving SDG 14 in the WIO. Progress of four of the SDG 14 targets that were due in 2020 are analysed. SDG 14 has influenced regional and national policy agendas but current tools to measure this progress fail to provide a detailed picture of achievement towards each target for countries in the WIO. The paper highlights that the region has shown limited success in achieving the targets and SDG 14 targets are unlikely to be reached by 2030. The WIO region lags behind with regard to marine conservation related targets. More than half of the countries have low to average progress on SDG 14.2 on marine areas being covered by area-based management tools. Even more countries are far from achieving the 10 % coverage of marine protected areas under SDG 14.5. The region is performing better with regards to fisheries management targets with most countries classified as making average to good progress towards SDG 14.4 on sustainable stocks and SDG 14.6 on addressing harmful subsidies and IUU fishing. The diversity of the socio-economic and governance contexts in the WIO countries contributes to different levels of progress. The fairly positive ecological state of the WIO supports progress towards SDG 14. Understanding barriers to progress is fundamental to help with the prioritisation of the actions needed to meet the SDG 14 targets by 2030. Regional actors and policy-makers will need to increase their ambitions to meet the SDG 14 targets and ensure a healthy ocean and improved prospects for the region and its citizens. To account for barriers in progress towards SDG 14, the WIO region needs appropriate reporting and monitoring mechanisms and it should follow a holistic regional approach of ocean governance integrating conservation and sustainable resource use. It needs to build capacity and knowledge sharing for implementation of SDG 14 and ocean governance at various levels. Improved implementation of SDG targets will have social, economic and environmental benefits within the region.

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Marine conservation beyond MPAs: Towards the recognition of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) in Indonesia

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Participation, not penalties: Community involvement and equitable governance contribute to more effective multiuse protected areas

Participation, not penalties: Community involvement and equitable governance contribute to more effective multiuse protected areas

Trends in Marine Resources and Fisheries Management in Indonesia: A Review

Sustainable Development Goal 14 in the Western Indian Ocean: a socio-ecological approach to understanding progress

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