Marine diatoms as optical chemical sensors

Stefano, Luca De; Rendina, Ivo; Stefano, Mario De; Bismuto, A.; Maddalena, P.

doi:10.1063/1.2140087

Cited by 129 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A weak but clearly detectable broad autofluorescence emission band with maximum at 470 nm in the case of C. granii (figure 4) was measured. Interestingly, visible fluorescence was reported for diatoms before, but in some cases with other spectral characteristics [19][20][21][22][23]. The origin of this fluorescence is not clear but can in principle either arise from the organic matrix that may contain heterocyclic moieties [3] or from surface states in mesoporous silica [24,25].…”

Section: Variation Of the Amino Function In Rhodamine Stainsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Staining diatoms with rhodamine dyes: control of emission colour in photonic biocomposites

Kucki

Fuhrmann‐Lieker

2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The incorporation of rhodamine dyes in the cell wall of diatoms Coscinodiscus granii and Coscinodiscus wailesii for the production of luminescent hybrid nanostructures is investigated. By systematic variation of the substitution pattern of the rhodamine core, we found that carbonic acids are considerably better suited than esters because of their physiological compatibility. The amino substitution pattern that controls the optical properties of the chromophore has no critical influence on dye uptake and incorporation, thus a variety of biocomposites with different emission maxima can be prepared. Applications in biomineralization studies as well as in materials science are envisioned.

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Section: Variation Of the Amino Function In Rhodamine Stainsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Staining diatoms with rhodamine dyes: control of emission colour in photonic biocomposites

Kucki

Fuhrmann‐Lieker

2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…In 2005, De Stefano et al [14] found that diatom frustules emit 500 nm wavelength blue light after being illuminated with an UV light of 325 nm wavelength, this is known as the PL phenomenon. The peak of the PL spectrum varies when the frustules are surrounded by different gases or vapors (e.g.…”

Section: Potential Of Diatom Frustules In Device Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cell wall of a diatom known as the frustule, has a transparent structure composed of amorphous silica [6]. The frustule has good mechanical strength [7,8], a variety of three-dimensional (3D) shapes [9,10], multi-level nanopores and microstructures [11,12], large surface area and unique optical properties [13][14][15], making it a potential novel functional material for bio-manufacturing. Studies on theoretical understanding, manufacturing methods and functionalization of diatom frustules are ongoing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bio-manufacturing technology based on diatom micro- and nanostructure

et al. 2012

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Diatom frustules, considered as novel bio-functional materials, display a diversity of patterns and unique micro-and nanostructures which may be useful in many areas of application. Existing devices directly use the original structure of the biosilica frustules, limiting their function and structural scale. Current research into the shapes, materials and structural properties of frustules are considered; a series of frustule processing methods including structure processing, material modification, bonding and assembly techniques are reviewed and discussed. The aim is to improve the function of diatom frustules allowing them to meet the design requirements of different types of micro devices. In addition, the importance of the comprehensive use of diatom processing methods in device research is discussed using biosensors and solar cells as examples, and the potential of bio-manufacturing technology based on diatom frustules is examined. Nature presents a wide range of functional structures. Particularly at the micro-and nanoscale, the complexity and functionality of biological structures are far greater than those of equivalent artificial devices, making these biological structures an appropriate subject for biotechnology and bio-manufacturing [1,2]. In our previous studies, we have reported bio-limited forming [3] and bio-replication forming [4,5] methods for manufacturing functional particles or surface morphology from biological structures. Micro devices with highly desirable structure and characteristics could be produced from biological micro-or nanostructures. Single-celled diatoms are widely distributed in rivers, lakes and other water bodies, and have a fast (exponential) reproductive rate. The cell wall of a diatom known as the frustule, has a transparent structure composed of amorphous silica [6]. The frustule has good mechanical strength [7,8], a variety of three-dimensional (3D) shapes [9,10], multi-level nanopores and microstructures [11,12], large surface area and unique optical properties [13][14][15], making it a potential novel functional material for bio-manufacturing. Studies on theoretical understanding, manufacturing methods and functionalization of diatom frustules are ongoing. In the last two centuries, the importance of diatom frustules in the field of micro-and nanotechnology has become increasingly evident. The potential of frustules has been extensively explored by academics and for commercial application. The resulting new theories and techniques have found wide application, leading to the formation of a new interdisciplinary area of research called diatom-based bio-nanotechnology (or diatom nanotechnology) [16][17][18][19][20][21]. The potential for diatoms in device applications, such as high-sensitivity gas sensors [22], drug delivery devices [23], biocarriers for biosensors [24][25][26][27], micro-filters [12,28], solar cells, battery electrodes and electroluminescent display devices [19] has been examined. However, the direct

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“…To date, the use of diatoms as key components in a variety of application areas has been reported. For example, in applications to sensing technology, diatoms have been employed as the sensing components in immunoassays and gas sensors [10][11][12][13][14] . Furthermore, in work by Lin et al 11 , diatom frustules have been employed in electrochemical impedance sensing and have been found to significantly improve performance, including sensitivity, response time, and dynamic range, compared with existing approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, the ability to manipulate the frustules on a large scale, combined with simple arraying techniques 20 , may enable the development of practical, real-world applications using diatoms. However, despite the promise of the use of diatom frustules in a variety of areas, the unique properties of diatoms have typically only been studied on the scale of a single diatom frustule (requiring only individual diatom alignment) [6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] or as bulk materials (requiring no significant alignment) 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards uniformly oriented diatom frustule monolayers: Experimental and theoretical analyses

Zhang

Ghaffarivardavagh

et al. 2016

Microsyst Nanoeng

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Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic algae that are ubiquitous in aquatic environments. Their unique, three-dimensional (3D) structured silica exoskeletons, also known as frustules, have drawn attention from a variety of research fields due to their extraordinary mechanical properties, enormous surface area, and unique optical properties. Despite their promising use in a range of applications, without methods to uniformly control the frustules' alignment/orientation, their full potential in technology development cannot be realized. In this paper, we realized and subsequently modeled a simple bubbling method for achieving large-area, uniformly oriented Coscinodiscus species diatom frustules. With the aid of bubble-induced agitations, close-packed frustule monolayers were achieved on the water-air interface with up to nearly 90% of frustules achieving uniform orientation. The interactions between bubble-induced agitations were modeled and analyzed, demonstrating frustule submersion and an adjustment of the orientation during the subsequent rise towards the water's surface to be fundamental to the experimentally observed uniformity. The method described in this study holds great potential for frustules' engineering applications in a variety of technologies, from sensors to energy-harvesting devices.

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Marine diatoms as optical chemical sensors

Cited by 129 publications

References 11 publications

Staining diatoms with rhodamine dyes: control of emission colour in photonic biocomposites

Staining diatoms with rhodamine dyes: control of emission colour in photonic biocomposites

Bio-manufacturing technology based on diatom micro- and nanostructure

Towards uniformly oriented diatom frustule monolayers: Experimental and theoretical analyses

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