Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Zhou, Song; Zhou, Jinxi; Feng, Yongming

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01038

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Materials. As mentioned in [11], exhaust gas scrubbers are designed in accordance with the maximum power and exhaust amount of target engine for the practical application in marine industry. The exhaust gas compositions are also measured at maximum load of engine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then it recovered to the initial level due to the hydrolysis equilibrium between CO 2 and absorbent solution. The hydrolysis reactions of CO 2 were described in (10) and (11). Furthermore, a certain amount of H + might be produced during the hydrolysis process, which would affect the chlorine hydrolysis equilibrium reactions as shown in (12) and (13).…”

Section: Effect Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this method requires a high energy consumption [8,9]. Similarly, ozone oxidation method encounters the same limitation [10][11][12]. Another feasible approach is to add the oxidants into the absorbent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NO_xRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

Han

Liu

Yang

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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The experiments were performed in a lab-scale countercurrent spraying reactor to study the NOxremoval from simulated gas stream by cyclic scrubbing using NaClO solution. The effects of NaClO concentration, initial solution pH, coexisting gases (5% CO2and 13% O2), NOxconcentration, SO2concentration, and absorbent temperature on NOxremoval efficiency were investigated in regard to marine exhaust gas. When NaClO concentration was higher than 0.05 M and initial solution pH was below 8, NOxremoval efficiency was relatively stable and it was higher than 60%. The coexisting CO2(5%) had little effect on NOxremoval efficiency, but the outlet CO2concentration decreased slowly with the initial pH increasing from 6 to 8. A complete removal of SO2and NO could be achieved simultaneously at 293 K, initial pH of 6, and NaClO concentration of 0.05 M, while the outlet NO2concentration increased slightly with the increase of inlet SO2concentration. NOxremoval efficiency increased slightly with the increase of absorbent temperature. The relevant reaction mechanisms for the oxidation and absorption of NO with NaClO were also discussed. The results indicated that it was of great potential for NOxremoval from marine exhaust gas by wet scrubbing using NaClO solution.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NO_xRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

Han

Liu

Yang

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Another possible way is to oxidize the insoluble NO into soluble NO 2 , and then the NO x molecules can be absorbed through wet scrubbing using the proper absorbents [14]. Although both nonthermal plasma and ozone can be used as excellent oxidants to oxidize NO effectively, they usually require expensive equipment and a large energy supply [15,16].Since oxidants in a solution can oxidize NO effectively and economically, more and more interest is being focused on various inorganic reagents, such as KMnO 4 [17], H 2 O 2 [18], oxone [19], Na 2 S 2 O 8 [20,21], NaClO [22][23][24], NaClO 2 [25-27], ClO 2 [28] and so on. Among these oxidants, NaClO 2 is found to be one of the most promising chemicals for the oxidation and absorption of NO.…”

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confidence: 99%

NO Removal from Simulated Flue Gas with a NaClO2 Mist Generated Using the Ultrasonic Atomization Method

et al. 2018

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In order to enhance the mass transfer efficiency between gas-liquid interfaces, NaClO 2 mist generated by an ultrasonic humidifier was used to remove NO from simulated flue gas. The effects of some key parameters (the gas flow rate, the NaClO 2 concentration in the solution, the inlet NO concentration, the NaClO 2 solution pH) on NO removal efficiency were investigated preliminarily. The results showed that NaClO 2 mist could oxidize NO with a much higher efficiency compared with other mists containing either NaClO or H 2 O 2 as oxidants. With an increase in the gas flow rate from 1.5 to 3.0 L·min −1 , the atomizing rate of the NaClO 2 solution increased almost linearly from 0.38 to 0.85 mL·min −1 . When the gas flow rate was 2.0 L·min −1 , a complete removal of NO had been reached. NO removal efficiency increased obviously with an increase in the NaClO 2 concentration in the solution. With an increase in the inlet NO concentration, the ratio of NO in the flue gas and NaClO 2 in the mist increased almost linearly. Furthermore, the NaClO 2 mist exhibited a relatively stable and high NO x removal efficiency in a wide pH range (4-11) of NaClO 2 solutions. The reason for the high NO removal efficiency was mainly ascribed to both the strong oxidative ability of NaClO 2 and the improved mass transfer at the gas-liquid interface.Energies 2018, 11, 1043 2 of 15 system to avoid ammonia slip. For SNCR, its NO x removal efficiency is obviously lower than that of SCR. Furthermore, a very high reaction temperature of 850-1100 • C is essential for SNCR to facilitate the reduction reaction between NO x and the reductants [10]. Since both SCR and SNCR belong to the dry methods for NO removal, they have to be combined in series with a wet scrubbing desulfurization process for the simultaneous removal of NO x and SO 2 . Such an integrated system suffers from some obvious drawbacks, such as the high cost, large size, complicated operation, and so on. To a great extent, these factors limit the application of the integrated system in some industrial areas.In recent years, more and more researchers have been interested in developing new methods for the simultaneous removal of NO x and SO 2 based on wet scrubbing processes [11]. In such cases, appropriate additives are required to improve the water solubility of NO x . A number of reports have suggested NO removal with the help of an iron chelating agent such as Fe 2+ -EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) because of its fast absorption rate for NO and high absorption capacity. However, the chelating agent could be easily oxidized by NO, NO 2 , and O 2 in flue gas to form Fe 3+ -EDTA that is not capable of binding with NO [12]. It also needs to overcome other main drawbacks such as the high cost of EDTA, and the need to remove the N-S complex [13]. Another possible way is to oxidize the insoluble NO into soluble NO 2 , and then the NO x molecules can be absorbed through wet scrubbing using the proper absorbents [14]. Although both nonthermal plasma and ozone can be used as excellent...

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“…14 Using this approach, many oxidant- 15,16 and reductant-17 containing wet-scrubbing processes have been adopted in NO removal. Note that the above methods require a continuous catalyst or reactant feed to make the process sustainable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Mediated Electrochemical Reduction and Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation on NO Removal by Electro-Scrubbing

Muthuraman

Ramu

Ahn

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A combined MER (mediated electrochemical reduction) and MEO (mediated electrochemical oxidation) approach was examined for the first time for the efficient removal of NO by electro-scrubbing. The generation of a mediator (Ni(I) from Ni(II)(CN) 4 2− in 9 M KOH) by electrochemical reduction was identified by the changes in the ORP value and potentiometric titration. The Ni(I) formation found to be 9% (4.3 mM) in 2 h electrolysis, which is decreased to 1.83 mM (4%) during addition of NO demonstrates NO removal occurred. The MER of NO at the cathodic half-cell by electro-scrubbing revealed the formation of NH 3 and N 2 . The reductive removal efficiency of NO was almost 100% up to a gas flow rate of 0.25 g min −1 . At the anodic half-cell, the Co(III) mediator from Co(II)SO 4 in 5 M H 2 SO 4 was generated electrochemically with concomitant conversion of NO to NO 3 − in the solution phase with a removal efficiency of 28%. The combination of MEO and MER with electro-scrubbing demonstrates 97% removal efficiency of NO up to 0.5 g min −1 . The combined removal approach is more suitable for high concentrated NO with energy efficiency of 0. Abundantly generated nitric oxide (NO) gas that includes power plant and steel plant etc., is decomposed by many technologies, such as wet scrubbing, catalytic oxidation, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR).1-3 The reduction of NO leads a combination of cationic intermediates and products, N 2 O, NH 2 OH, N 2 , and NH 3 , in the solution phase. [4][5][6] The reduction products varied depending on the catalyst and experimental conditions: on TiO 2 in the colloid solutions to produce NH 3 ; 4 in heterogeneous catalytic reduction process with NH 3 as the reactant produced N 2 ; 7,8 and N 2 O formed on boron-doped graphene method.9 At the same time, the oxidation of NO leads to the anionic products of NO 2 and NO 3 − . 10,11 Heterogeneous catalytic oxidation at the gas phase produced NO 2 , 12 but solution phase oxidation by ozone and H 2 O 2 produced the NO 3 − product. 1,13 Because of the catalytic reaction, NO is solubilized in an aqueous solution, otherwise it less soluble or insoluble in an aqueous solution.14 Using this approach, many oxidant-15,16 and reductant-17 containing wet-scrubbing processes have been adopted in NO removal. Note that the above methods require a continuous catalyst or reactant feed to make the process sustainable.An electron considered to be a green catalyst and can be feed continuously to regenerate the spent catalyst sustainably. Using this approach, electrogenerated Ce(IV) and Mn(III) mediators have been used to oxidize NOx to NO 3 − in HNO 3 medium. 18,19 In a similar method, electrogenerated Ag(II) with a wet scrubber in the name of 'electro-scrubbing' have used NOx oxidation to NO 2 in a single stage scrubber and NO 3 − in a two stage scrubber column. 20 In the presence of SO 2 in NO oxidation using the electrogenerated Ag(II) mediator in highly concentrated nitric acid have shown NO 2 with 60 to 80% of NO 3 − formation. [21][22][23] Note that unless...

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Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

NO_xRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

NO_xRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

NO Removal from Simulated Flue Gas with a NaClO2 Mist Generated Using the Ultrasonic Atomization Method

Synergistic Effect of Mediated Electrochemical Reduction and Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation on NO Removal by Electro-Scrubbing

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Marine Emission Pollution Abatement Using Ozone Oxidation by a Wet Scrubbing Method

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

NOxRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

NOxRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

NO Removal from Simulated Flue Gas with a NaClO2 Mist Generated Using the Ultrasonic Atomization Method

Synergistic Effect of Mediated Electrochemical Reduction and Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation on NO Removal by Electro-Scrubbing

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NO_xRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution

NO_xRemoval from Simulated Marine Exhaust Gas by Wet Scrubbing Using NaClO Solution