Marine heatwaves impair the thermal refugia potential of marginal reefs in the northern South China Sea

Shaohua, Mo; Chen, Tianran; Chen, Zesheng; Zhang, Wenjing; Shu, Li

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154100

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The information of coral thermal bleaching percentage was obtained and reanalyzed from coral reef survey in the 15–20°N regions (Hainan Island, Xisha Island, and Zhongsha Islands) of SCS in the coral thermal bleaching event of 2020 ( 136 – 138 ). The data set of coral reef surveys of 2020 was constructed by line intercept transect techniques (atoll: 5–15 m; fringing reef: 2–6 m) and Point Intercept Transect video re-sampling ( 66 , 139 , 140 ) according to our benthic surveys and previous studies ( 137 , 140 , 141 ). Coral species were identified following taxonomic criteria ( 142 , 143 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiome dynamics and interaction of endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and fungi are associated with thermal bleaching susceptibility of coral holobionts

Chen,

Wei,

et al. 2024

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The thermal bleaching percentage of coral holobionts shows interspecific differences under heat-stress conditions, which are closely related to the coral-associated microbiome. However, the ecological effects of community dynamics and interactions between Symbiodiniaceae and fungi on coral thermal bleaching susceptibility remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the diversity, community structure, functions, and potential interaction of Symbiodiniaceae and fungi among 18 coral species from a high thermal bleaching risk atoll using next-generation sequencing. The results showed that heat-tolerant C3u sub-clade and Durusdinium dominated the Symbiodiniaceae community of corals and that there were no core amplicon sequence variants in the coral-associated fungal community. Fungal richness and the abundance of confirmed functional animal-plant pathogens were significantly positively correlated with the coral thermal bleaching percentage. Fungal indicators, including Didymellaceae, Chaetomiaceae, Schizophyllum , and Colletotrichum , were identified in corals. Each coral species had a complex Symbiodiniaceae–fungi interaction network (SFIN), which was driven by the dominant Symbiodiniaceae sub-clades. The SFINs of coral holobionts with low thermal bleaching susceptibility exhibited low complexity and high betweenness centrality. These results indicate that the extra heat tolerance of coral in Huangyan Island may be linked to the high abundance of heat-tolerant Symbiodiniaceae. Fungal communities have high interspecific flexibility, and the increase of fungal diversity and pathogen abundance was correlated with higher thermal bleaching susceptibility of corals. Moreover, fungal indicators were associated with the degrees of coral thermal bleaching susceptibility, including both high and intermediate levels. The topological properties of SFINs suggest that heat-tolerant coral have limited fungal parasitism and strong microbial network resilience. IMPORTANCE Global warming and enhanced marine heatwaves have led to a rapid decline in coral reef ecosystems worldwide. Several studies have focused on the impact of coral-associated microbiomes on thermal bleaching susceptibility in corals; however, the ecological functions and interactions between Symbiodiniaceae and fungi remain unclear. We investigated the microbiome dynamics and potential interactions of Symbiodiniaceae and fungi among 18 coral species in Huangyan Island. Our study found that the Symbiodiniaceae community of corals was mainly composed of heat-tolerant C3u sub-clade and Durusdinium . The increase in fungal diversity and pathogen abundance has close associations with higher coral thermal bleaching susceptibility. We first constructed an interaction network between Symbiodiniaceae and fungi in corals, which indicated that restricting fungal parasitism and strong interaction network resilience would promote heat acclimatization of corals. Accordingly, this study provides insights into the role of microorganisms and their interaction as drivers of interspecific differences in coral thermal bleaching.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiome dynamics and interaction of endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and fungi are associated with thermal bleaching susceptibility of coral holobionts

Chen,

Wei,

et al. 2024

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…MHWs frequently occur in the South China Sea (SCS, 0–25°N, 100°−125°E) and the thermal stress caused by MHWs leads to mass coral bleaching (Y. Chen et al., 2022; Y. Feng et al., 2022; Lyu et al., 2022). MHWs in the SCS are usually associated with the anomalously strengthened and westward extension of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) (Liu et al., 2022; Mo et al., 2022; Tan et al., 2022; Yao & Wang, 2021). As a result of the anomalously strengthened and westward extension of the WPSH, easterly wind anomalies caused by anticyclonic circulation weaken the southwesterly summer monsoon winds, which causes summer upwelling and cold filament off the South Vietnam coast in the SCS to weaken or even disappear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Future Summer Marine Heatwaves in the South China Sea to Enhanced Western Pacific Subtropical High

Song

Yao

Wang

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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A marine heatwave (MHW) event is a period of abnormally warm seawater that exceeds the climatological threshold during a distinct period (Hobday et al., 2016), and MHWs are directly affected by upper ocean warming and have substantial impacts on marine ecosystems (Holbrook et al., 2020;Oliver et al., 2021;Smale et al., 2019). Numerous studies have focused on the future changes in MHWs under different emission scenarios, including their frequency, duration, intensity, and spatial variations (Costa & Rodrigues, 2021;Oliver et al., 2019;S. Wang et al., 2023;. Previous studies have also revealed the mechanism of MHWs. A persistent high-pressure system over the ocean reduces cloud cover, increases insolation, and suppresses surface winds, leading to hot and dry weather which increases sea surface temperatures (SST) (

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“…1). The 2020 SCS MHW has been well discussed by Feng, et al 20 and Mo, et al 21 , and the impacts of SCS MHWs on China's offshore ecosystem and economy society are widespread [22][23][24] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double intensification centers of summer marine heatwaves in the South China Sea associated with global warming

Dong¹,

Liu²,

Dong³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the South China Sea (SCS) have prolonged impacts on local ecosystems and economies, and accurate projection of MHWs under future global warming is important for high-quality local social development. The future change in the spatial pattern of MHWs, however, is not clear against the well-known MHW overall intensification. Here we find that Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models can well capture the main distribution of observed SCS MHWs, showing uniform distribution of frequency, “north high-south low” distribution of mean intensity and cumulative intensity, except that the simulated center of long MHW duration center is shifted to the southern SCS compared to the central SCS in observations. Under the Shared Socioeconomic Path-way 1-2.6 (SSP126) scenario, the increase of MHW cumulative intensity shows a double-center structure in the northern coastal region and southern SCS, which is mainly caused by the large increase of frequency and mean intensity in the north and increase of duration in the south. Both SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios project similar patterns of MHW intensification, but with larger magnitudes. The climatological distribution of mixed layer depth, which is deeper in the south and shallower in the north, contributes to this spatial distribution of SCS MHW change. Strong seasonal-mean sea surface temperature warming in the northern SCS caused by enhanced solar radiation also contributes to the northern center of intensification in MHW frequency and mean intensity.

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Marine heatwaves impair the thermal refugia potential of marginal reefs in the northern South China Sea

Cited by 33 publications

References 75 publications

The microbiome dynamics and interaction of endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and fungi are associated with thermal bleaching susceptibility of coral holobionts

The microbiome dynamics and interaction of endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and fungi are associated with thermal bleaching susceptibility of coral holobionts

Response of Future Summer Marine Heatwaves in the South China Sea to Enhanced Western Pacific Subtropical High

Double intensification centers of summer marine heatwaves in the South China Sea associated with global warming

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