Marine Invertebrate Natural Products for Anti-Inflammatory and Chronic Diseases

Abstract

The marine environment represents a relatively available source of functional ingredients that can be applied to various aspects of food processing, storage, and fortification. Moreover, numerous marine invertebrates based compounds have biological activities and also interfere with the pathogenesis of diseases. Isolated compounds from marine invertebrates have been shown to pharmacological activities and are helpful for the invention and discovery of bioactive compounds, primarily for deadly diseases like cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), osteoporosis, and so forth. Extensive research within the last decade has revealed that most chronic illnesses such as cancer, neurological diseases, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases exhibit dysregulation of multiple cell signaling pathways that have been linked to inflammation. On the basis of their bioactive properties, this review focuses on the potential use of marine invertebrate derived compounds on anti-inflammatory and some chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, HIV, and cancer.

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of the Marine-Derived Compound Comaparvin Isolated from the Crinoid Comanthus bennetti

“…Figure 4 shows the use of quantitative PCR to analyze the changes on iNOS mRNA expression elicited by comaparvin in LPS-induced macrophage cells. The results showed that iNOS mRNA expression at 4,6,8,10, and 12 h after LPS challenge was significantly higher than that in the control group. Compared with the iNOS mRNA expression in the LPS-alone group, comaparvin at 25 μM significantly reduced iNOS mRNA expression in macrophages from 4 to 10 h. There were no significant changes in iNOS expression between time points in vehicle (no LPS challenge) group.…”

“…In the pre-treatment group, 1 h before injecting carrageenan, a subcutaneous comaparvin injection (30 mg/kg) was administered to the rats. After injecting carrageenan, the differences in left-right hind-paw weight-bearing at 4 …”

“…Recently, several new medications based on substances from these marine organisms have undergone clinical and preclinical trials [1]. Natural ingredients obtained from the ocean, especially from marine invertebrates, have become important sources of new compounds [2][3][4]. Moreover, many studies have screened the anti-inflammatory properties and activities of marine compounds for the treatment of chronic illnesses [1,4,5].…”

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bacteria Associated With Marine Sponge (Haliclona Amboinensis) via Reducting No Production and Inhibiting Cyclooxygenase-1, Cyclooxygenase-2, and Secretory Phospholipase A2 Activities

“…Some studies have reported that alkaloid and terpenoids compounds have many potentials as antibacterial [2,3], anticancer and antitumor [4], antidiabetic and antioxidant [5], and anti-inflammatory [6,7] agents. Moreover, alkaloids from marine invertebrates such as sponges are reported to be anti-inflammatory potentials [21].…”

An Overview on Marine Sponge-Symbiotic Bacteria as Unexhausted Sources for Natural Product Discovery

“…The rise in resistance to antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, and pesticides are major threats to healthcare and agriculture and without effective antibiotics, routine surgical procedures may not be possible or high risk; also, huge quantities of agricultural products may be lost without effective pesticides [9]. Therefore, there is an important need for new natural products to produce compounds that counteract resistant microorganisms, especially in severe infections and in MDR cancers, as well as inhibit the growth of cancer cells, prevent or control chronic diseases such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), asthma, diabetes, and even degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's [10][11][12][13].…”