Marine Litter Sources and Distribution Pathways

This study designed, fabricated and evaluated a household water treatment system (HWTS) with a primary aim of improving access to potable water. Typical turbid water samples were collected from Opa River in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The collected turbid water samples were subjected to treatment by the fabricated household water treatment system. Effects of selected operational factors on the performance of the system was evaluated and optimized using Taguchi technique. The optimum values of the factors were utilized for the full treatment of typical water samples using the system and similar system available commercially. The performance of the system was based on the ability to remove the pollutant from the turbidity water samples. Cost analysis was conducted for the fabricated household water treatment system and similar types that are commercially available. The study revealed that the performance of the system was between 98.8% and 100 % with an overall performance of 99.5 %. Time of settlement, pore Size of the filter, Concentration Coagulant and Turbidity of the Raw water had impact on the performance of HWTS. Significance of the factors were in-order of pore Size of the filter > time > Concentration Coagulant and > Turbidity of the raw water. It was concluded that the performance of the HWTS was perfect compared with the commercially available filter. The HWTS is economically effective and sustainable (0.0575 US$ per day) compared to commercially available HWTS (0.0639 – 0.1187 US$ per day). There was no significant difference between the performance (individual and overall) of fabricated...

show abstract

Exploring the Sources of Marine Debris and their Effects on Magogoni Ferry Operations Efficiency

G. Myaka,

E. Ngongi

2024

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Techno

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marine debris poses significant challenges to the operational efficiency of the Magogoni Ferry in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This study investigates the sources of marine debris in the ferry's operational environment and evaluates their effects on operational efficiency. Field surveys, interviews, observations, and document reviews were conducted to identify debris sources and quantify their impacts on ferry operations. Findings indicate diverse debris origins, including urban waste, coastal littering, and shipping activities, contributing to operational disruptions through increased maintenance needs and service delays. The study underscores the importance of debris management strategies for sustaining ferry operations. It was found that a large quantity of marine debris reaching the Magogoni Ferry was brought by rivers during the rainy seasons, namely River Tegeta, River Mzinga, and River Msimbazi. Marine debris which impairs ferry operations at Magogoni Ferry includes fishing lines, fishing nets, wood, ropes, textiles, and plastic bags. The effects were seal damage, pump jet blockage, impeller entanglement, mechanical obstruction of the pump jet, and engine stoppage. These breakdowns cause navigational hazards, environmental pollution due to oil leakages, and increased costs of maintenance. It was found that between 2019 and 2023, the cost of maintenance due to breakdowns, whose sources were established to be marine debris, amounted to an average of Tsh120 million per year. to ensure the ferry channel is safe for navigation it was recommended to make it free from debris through implementing educational campaigns to raise awareness, regular cleaning, prohibiting fishing by angling near the ferry area, and the use of technology both to block the entrance of land-based waste to the sea and to improve ferry systems by making them able to withstand debris challenges, for example, the introduction of cutting blades to cut nets, ropes, and fishing lines, protecting the propulsion components.

show abstract

Marine Litter Sources and Distribution Pathways

Cited by 3 publications

References 185 publications

Primary Microplastic: Source, Uses, Transportation from Land to Marine Environment

Primary Microplastic: Source, Uses, Transportation from Land to Marine Environment

Design, Development and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Cost and Sustainable Household Water Treatment System

Exploring the Sources of Marine Debris and their Effects on Magogoni Ferry Operations Efficiency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About