Marine phospholipids—a promising new dietary approach to tumor-associated weight loss

Taylor, Lenka A.; Pletschen, Lars; Arends, Jann; Unger, Clemens; Massing, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/s00520-009-0640-4

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The use of PLs (especially PC) reduced rheumatoid arthritis [134,135], pleurisy and leukocyte adhesion [134]. Treede et al [136] and Taylor et al [36] explained the anti-inflammatory effects of PC with inhibition of TNF alpha and TNF beta , whose reduced levels might also play positive roles on weight control. In addition, PC administration improves colitis mostly because it restores the appropriate gastrointestinal concentrations of this PL, which decrease with inflammation [137][138][139][140].…”

Section: Inflammation and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Relevance of dietary glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids to human health

Castro-Gómez

García-Serrano

Visioli

et al. 2015

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

150

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Section: Inflammation and Related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Following hydrolysis, FAs from CM are incorporated into cell membranes in very selective manners [34,35], thereby altering their fluidity and function [36]. Sphingosine 1 phosphate allows SM to become part of a TAG and enter into the CM nucleus [37].…”

Section: Absorption Of Dietary Phospho-and Sphingolipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of dietary glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids to human health

Castro-Gómez

García-Serrano

Visioli

et al. 2015

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

150

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“…In addition to their anti-inflammatory effects, n-3 PUFA rich PC are also known to possess lipid lowering effects (Klimov et al, 1995, Bunea et al, 2004, Taylor et al, 2010). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid metabolism and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease: implication of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Balogun

2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a complicated and multifarious disease, and is the number cause of mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis of CVD is attributed to the interaction between genetics and environment. There are numerous data that support the cardioprotective properties of omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA); however, there are also controversial reports. Considering the reported sex and age differences in the pathophysiology of CVD and the metabolism of n-3 PUFA, it is imperative to consider these factors in the cardioprotective effects of n-3 PUFA. The main objective of the current thesis was to investigate the effects of n-3 PUFA on the risk factors of CVD such as dyslipidaemia and obesity, with particular focus on how sex, age and dose of n-3 PUFA affect lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. The set of experiments presented in this thesis was investigated using the C57BL/6 mouse strain which has been established as a mouse model of choice for the study of diet-induced pathological conditions of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Plasma concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins of mice offspring at weaning and 16 weeks postweaning were chosen as study outcomes to assess the sex, age and dose-specific effects of n-3 PUFA on markers of dyslipidaemia, a well-known risk factor of CVD. It was observed that a longer exposure to a postnatal diet high in n-3 PUFA increased plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the offspring in a sex-specific manner; however, the profile of this increase was less atherogenic , as the high n-3 PUFA group had a lower plasma concentration of very small LDL-particles in both males and females. There was no effect of high n-3 PUFA diet observed on plasma concentration of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c); however, the high n-3 PUFA group had a higher cholesterol efflux in the male offspring but not in female offspring, further demonstrating the effect of sex on cholesterol metabolism. Lipidomic analyses revealed that high n-3 PUFA diet iii led to higher hepatic and plasma concentrations of n-3 PUFA-containing bioactive lipids such a phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine and free fatty acids, which could positively influence pathways involved in cardioprotection. The effects of dietary n-3 PUFA on obesity at the cellular level was also investigated, using adipocyte hypertrophy as the outcome measure of adipose tissue enlargement. A diet high in n-3 PUFA prevented adipocyte hypertrophy in males, with no effect in females. High n-3 PUFA diet also led to the downregulation of the mRNA expression of acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor protein γ (PPARγ), and leptin in males, which are key proteins involved in adipocyte hypertrophy; however no effect was observed in females. The last study assessed the effects of dose and duration of exposure to dietary n-3 PUFA on DHA accretion in the brain, and the expression of neurotrophins kn...

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“…Eight uncontrolled trials 6,8,10,13,[28][29][30][31] and three case series 7,32,33 focussed on the effect of fish oil and n-3-FA on cachexia in patients with advanced cancer (Supplementary Table 3).…”

Section: Uncontrolled Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another four cohort studies [28][29][30][31] and two prospective studies 8,10 reported results from a total of 159 patients. Patients were treated with EPA, DPA, marine phospholipids, fish oil or n-3-FA.…”

Section: Ries Et Al 299mentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on the role of fish oil for the treatment of cachexia in advanced cancer: An EPCRC cachexia guidelines project

Trottenberg²,

et al. 2011

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Background: The European Palliative Care Research Collaboration is developing clinical guidelines on cachexia in patients with advanced cancer. A systematic review on the use of fish oil/omega-3-fatty acids (n-3-FA)/eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) in advanced cancer patients suffering from cancer cachexia was performed as part of the guideline development. Methods: The systematic literature search in Medline on the use of fish oil/n-3-FA/EPA identified 244 papers, with 38 publications included in the final evaluation. Some smaller trials, often unrandomized and without a control group, reported a good effect of n-3-FA in patients with advanced cancer and cachexia. However, the results of the larger randomized controlled trials could not support the positive results, as they mostly did not find a significant effect. Results: Adverse effects such as abdominal discomfort, fish belching, fish aftertaste, nausea and diarrhoea were reported with a low incidence. No serious adverse effects were documented, but adverse effects often had an impact on quality of life. This often limited dose escalations or even led to discontinuation of n-3-FA. Conclusion: There is not enough evidence to support a net benefit of n-3-FA in cachexia in advanced cancer. On the other hand, adverse effects were infrequent, with no severe adverse effects. The results from the review led to a weak negative GRADE recommendation.

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Marine phospholipids—a promising new dietary approach to tumor-associated weight loss

Abstract: These promising first results encourage further investigation of marine phospholipids in cancer care.

Cited by 58 publications

References 49 publications

Relevance of dietary glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids to human health

Relevance of dietary glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids to human health

Lipid metabolism and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease: implication of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

A systematic review on the role of fish oil for the treatment of cachexia in advanced cancer: An EPCRC cachexia guidelines project

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