Marine Plastic Pollution in Asia: All Hands on Deck!

García, Beatriz; Fang, Mandy Meng; Lin, Jolene

doi:10.1163/24686042-12340034

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In the Caribbean, a regional action plan has been developed for marine litter management. A Northwest Pacific Action Plan has been established to safeguard the maritime environment for the Northwest Pacific Region against land-based activities (Garcia, Fang, & Lin, 2019). EU law in European Union countries also stressed regional cooperation as a tool for promoting environmental protection objectives not just within the EU, but also among its neighbors.…”

Section: Regional Legal Approaches and Plastic Marine Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal Approaches to Reduce Plastic Marine Pollution: Challenges and Global Governance

Sarwar

Ali

Bhatti

et al. 2021

ASSAP

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Plastic wastes have recently emerged as one of the alarming threats to the marine environment. The issue of contamination of marine plastic is not new; it has been recognized for over half a century. The problem can no longer be ignored, thanks to growing media attention and incidents such as the finding of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. This issue is addressed by a number of legal approaches. Plastic litter reduction standards were adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) 30 years ago. Annexes to the convention of MARPOL are designed to aid in the fight against plastic pollution. Other mechanisms of maritime law can be used to combat this issue as well. The fundamental cause of the issue, and thus the solution is located on land. The directives of the European Union can serve as useful models for decreasing marine pollution. In May 2018, the new European Union restrictions are proposed to target the ten most commonly detected single-use plastic products in coastal areas of Europe, as well as lost and abandoned fishing gear. These multinational conventions serve as a source of inspiration for the governments of other countries of the world. The acceptance and application of these legal approaches and conventions could change the game in the fight against marine pollution.

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Section: Regional Legal Approaches and Plastic Marine Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal Approaches to Reduce Plastic Marine Pollution: Challenges and Global Governance

Sarwar

Ali

Bhatti

et al. 2021

ASSAP

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“…Some estimates suggest that the island nation of Indonesia is the second-largest contributor to marine plastic pollution after China [ 3 , 52 ]. This is important because Indonesia has some of the most biodiverse and important coral reef systems in the world, with the highest diversity of reef fish and coral species [ 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean plastic crisis—Mental models of plastic pollution from remote Indonesian coastal communities

et al. 2020

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The crisis facing the world's oceans from plastics is well documented, yet there is little knowledge of the perspectives, experiences and options of the coastal communities facing overwhelming quantities of plastics on their beaches and in their fishing waters. In emerging economies such as those in the Coral Triangle, the communities affected are among the poorest of their countries. To understand the consequences of ocean plastic pollution in coastal regions, through the eyes of local people, this study examines the knowledge, use, disposal and local consequences of single use plastics in remote island communities in two archipelagos of southern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using mixed methods-a survey of plastic literacy and behaviour, household interviews about purchasing and disposal, and focus group discussions to generate shared mental models-we identify a complex set of factors contributing to extensive plastic leakage into the marine environment. The rising standard of living has allowed people in low resource, remote communities to buy more single-use plastic items than they could before. Meanwhile complex geography and minimal collection services make waste management a difficult issue, and leave the communities themselves to shoulder the impacts of the ocean plastic crisis. Although plastic literacy is low, there is little the coastal communities can do unless presented with better choice architecture both on the supply side and in disposal options. Our results suggest that for such coastal communities improved waste disposal is urgent. Responsible supply chains and non-plastic alternatives are needed. Producers and manufacturers can no longer focus only on low-cost packaged products, without taking responsibility for the outcomes. Without access to biodegradable, environmentally friendly products, and a circular plastic system, coastal communities and surrounding marine ecosystems will continue to be inundated in plastic waste.

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“…Since regulations related to the plastic pollution are currently being established in many countries, there is no legal standard to compare and/or determine the level of the pollution [32]. As a comparison, the amount of macroplastic found in Southeast China Bay was 126.9 ± 95.4 g/m 2 with PE, PS and PP dominating the composition [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Analysis of Plastic Debris Accumulation in the Estuary of Wonorejo River, Surabaya, Indonesia

Kurniawan

Imron

2020

E3S Web Conf.

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The purpose of this research was to investigate the accumulation of plastic debris in the Wonorejo River Estuary, Surabaya, Indonesia. Visible plastic debris were collected from three (3) sampling points along the intertidal area of Wonorejo River Estuary. The correlation between sampling points (SPs) and the amount of the collected plastic debris (CPD) was analysed using one-way ANOVA. Result of one-way ANOVA showed that the sampling point was significantly affect the amount of the collected plastic debris (p<0.05). A further analysis using Tukey’s Significance Honest Test indicating a significantly higher CPD on SP2 compared to the SP1 and SP3 (p<0.05). The amount of CPD were 126.07±12.00 g dry weight/m2 from SP1, 375.97±16.72 g dry weight/m2 from SP2, and 291.13±36.28 g dry weight/m2 from SP3. The highest percentage of collected debris item was plastic bags (up to 57.90%), followed by bottle caps (up to 16.65%). The most identified plastic types were Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) (up to 73.13%), followed by Polypropylene (PP) (up to 17.22%). Understanding the accumulation of plastic debris in estuary is a fundamental requirement to conduct an advance research related to the marine plastic pollution and to determine further actions to solve this problem.

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Marine Plastic Pollution in Asia: All Hands on Deck!

Cited by 43 publications

References 1 publication

Legal Approaches to Reduce Plastic Marine Pollution: Challenges and Global Governance

Legal Approaches to Reduce Plastic Marine Pollution: Challenges and Global Governance

Ocean plastic crisis—Mental models of plastic pollution from remote Indonesian coastal communities

Initial Analysis of Plastic Debris Accumulation in the Estuary of Wonorejo River, Surabaya, Indonesia

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