Marine reserve phenomenon in the Pacific islands

Bartlett, C.Y.; Pakoa, K.; Manua, C.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2009.01.004

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Customary management is less likely to succeed in areas with high population density and commercialization of marine resources (Cinner and Aswani 2007). Given that hundreds of periodically harvested closures have already been established in Oceania and that the practice is rapidly expanding (Bartlett et al 2009b), we offer the following recommendations to improve knowledge and planning for management success:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some evidence that periodically harvested closures can promote short-term recovery of fish abundance and biomass (Cinner et al 2005; Bartlett et al 2009a), and compliance may be stronger under these customary management systems compared with western-style permanent no-take areas ). Yet, positive perceptions by locals of their effectiveness are not always validated by ecological surveys, particularly for fish biomass (Bartlett et al 2009b). Furthermore, long-term ecological studies and meta-analyses suggest that MPAs must be no-take and permanently closed to achieve sustained fisheries benefits (Russ and Alcala 2004;Di Franco et al 2009;Lester et al 2009;Maliao et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a single intensive harvest event on fish populations inside a customary marine closure

et al. 2012

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In September 2008, the villagers of Kia Island, Fiji, opened their customary managed closure (Cakaulevu tabu) to fishing for a fundraiser that lasted for 5 weeks. We report on opportunistic before-after-control-impact surveys describing changes to coral reef communities both 4 weeks into the harvest and 1 year later compared with pre-harvest conditions. Prior to the harvest, there was a gradient in mean fish abundance and biomass per transect, with highest levels in the north of the closure (250 fish transect -1 , 8,145.8 kg ha -1 ), intermediate levels in the south of the closure (159 fish transect -1 , 4,672.1 kg ha -1 ) and lowest levels in the control area open to fishing (109 fish transect -1 , 594.0 kg ha -1 ). During the harvest, there were extensive depletions in large-bodied, primary targeted fish species, with significant loss in biomass of Acanthuridae and Carangidae in the north and Lutjanidae and Serranidae in the south. We also observed significant increases in Acanthuridae, Lethrinidae and Scaridae in the control, suggesting a ''bail-out'' effect whereby fish left the closure in response to a rapid increase in fishing pressure. These changes were coupled with a large increase in turf algal cover at all survey areas, despite a large numerical increase in small, roving acanthurids (e.g., Ctenochaetus striatus) and scarids (e.g., Chlorurus sordidus). By 1 year later, fish biomass was significantly lower within the closure than before the harvest, while values in the control returned to pre-harvest levels, suggesting non-compliance with the reinstated fishing ban. We use the lessons learned from this event to suggest recommendations for promoting effective management of periodically harvested customary closures that are a common feature across much of Oceania.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a single intensive harvest event on fish populations inside a customary marine closure

et al. 2012

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“…All studies that have examined the effectiveness of PHCs to sustain targeted fish stocks have used some form of UVC (Bartlett et al, 2009a(Bartlett et al, , 2009bCinner et al, 2005;Jupiter and Egli, 2011;Jupiter et al, 2012) as the method is logistically simple and cost effective (English et al, 1997). However, biases associated with UVC include: variation in the behavioural response of fish to divers (Chapman et al, 1974;Watson and Harvey, 2007); inter-observer variability (Thompson and Mapstone, 1997); and inaccuracies in estimating sampling area boundaries (Harvey et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diver operated video most accurately detects the impacts of fishing within periodically harvested closures

Goetze

Jupiter

Langlois

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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“…Community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM), constituting both a philosophy and a strategy designed to address the deteriorating state of coastal resources, is more widespread in Oceania than in any other tropical region in the world (Johannes 2002;Bartlett et al 2009;Govan 2009;Maliao et al 2009). Traditional forms of marine tenure have been successfully applied in Pacific islands to establish conservation initiatives such as marine protected areas (for example Russ & Alcala 1999;Aswani & Aswani et al 2007;Christie & White 2007;Brunnschweiler 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using local ecological knowledge to identify shark river habitats in Fiji (South Pacific)

2010

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SUMMARYLocal ecological knowledge (LEK) and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) have the potential to improve community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM) by providing information about the presence, behaviour and ecology of species. This paper explores the potential of LEK and TEK to identify shark river habitats in Fiji, learn how locals regard and use sharks, and capture ancestral legends and myths that shed light on relationships between these animals and local people. Interviews with representatives from 22 villages, communities and fishing settlements associated with seven riverine areas on Viti Levu and Vanua Levu confirmed the presence of sharks in estuaries and rivers on Fiji. Hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) and larger sharks were reported being close to the river mouths, whereas an unknown species of small size with a rounded snout was reported up to >30 km upriver. Local people consume shark meat as a source of protein, but sharks also have a rich background in ancestral stories and play an important part in Fijian myths and legends, resulting in the support of conservation measures by local villagers.

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Marine reserve phenomenon in the Pacific islands

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of a single intensive harvest event on fish populations inside a customary marine closure

Effects of a single intensive harvest event on fish populations inside a customary marine closure

Diver operated video most accurately detects the impacts of fishing within periodically harvested closures

Using local ecological knowledge to identify shark river habitats in Fiji (South Pacific)

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