1999
DOI: 10.1139/z99-127
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Marion Island elephant seals: the paucity-of-males hypothesis tested

Abstract: The southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, population at Marion Island has declined since the start of research activities there in 1973, as have populations at other Indian Ocean breeding sites. One suggested mechanism for the decline at Marion Island is a shortage of males, resulting in low insemination rates. We tested this "paucity-ofmales" hypothesis by looking at (i) adult sex ratios, (ii) male sexual activity, and (iii) the relationship between levels of sexual activity and the probability of a cow p… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…In particular, southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, are extremely polygynous with females aggregating in harems on land, guarded and mated by adult males at ratios (females:males) from 9:1 to 277:1, depending on the locality (e.g. Wilkinson & van Aarde 1999;Carrick et al 1962). Theory predicts that such extreme polygyny would promote alternative male mating strategies, since reproductive success is highly dependent on social status or "ownership" (Maynard Smith 1979;Shuster & Wade 2003).…”
Section: Island Animal Behaviour Detectability Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In particular, southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, are extremely polygynous with females aggregating in harems on land, guarded and mated by adult males at ratios (females:males) from 9:1 to 277:1, depending on the locality (e.g. Wilkinson & van Aarde 1999;Carrick et al 1962). Theory predicts that such extreme polygyny would promote alternative male mating strategies, since reproductive success is highly dependent on social status or "ownership" (Maynard Smith 1979;Shuster & Wade 2003).…”
Section: Island Animal Behaviour Detectability Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Greater susceptibility to nutritional stress and aggressive behaviour associated with male dominance results in relatively low survival in adult males (Toigo et al 1997), about 0.69 (averaged over 6 th to 11 th year; Pistorius et al 1999a), yet males are not a limiting resource when it comes to ensuring fertilization of females during the breeding season (Wilkinson and van Aarde 1999). Adult female survival, particularly that of primiparous females (Figure 3), however, appears to be important in governing growth in this population (Pistorius et al 2004, de Bruyn 2009 (Pistorius et al 2004).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hypotheses for the decline varied from density-dependent mechanisms such as paucity of males, population "overshoot" and pandemic disease to extrinsic factors such as predation, competition with fisheries concerns, interspecific competition, environmental change and human 7 disturbance (McMahon et al 2005a). The "paucity of male" hypothesis (Skinner and Van Aarde 1983) was found wanting Wilkinson 1994, Wilkinson andVan Aarde 1999) and the "prey limitation" hypothesis increasingly found support (Pistorius and Bester 2002, McMahon et al 2003, Pistorius et al 2005. The controversy that arose e.g.…”
Section: Population Biology and Ecologymentioning
confidence: 99%