Marital life courses in sub-Saharan Africa: all cause union dissolution, its timing, and time spent outside marriage

John, Benson; Nitsche, Natalie

doi:10.4054/mpidr-wp-2022-017

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Women's marital status at the survey is known, but not the date of marital dissolution, a feature of DHS that has frustrated analyses of marital dissolution (Clark and Brauner-Otto 2015;John and Nitsche 2022). Hence whether births to formerly married women at the time of the survey occurred before or after union dissolution is not known.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extramarital fertility in low- and middle-income countries

Bongaarts¹,

Casterline²

2022

DemRes

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BACKGROUNDIn most societies, childbearing is largely confined to women in formal marital unions, but in a subset of contemporary low-fertility Western societies, extramarital fertility has become common. However, extramarital fertility is often ignored in fertility research in contemporary low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVETo document recent levels, trends, and differentials in extramarital fertility (both premarital and postmarital) in LMICs. METHODSWe employ Schoumaker's (2013) Stata program tfr2 to calculate two fertility measures from Demographic and Health Surveys in 63 countries: (1) the standard total fertility rate (TFR), which is based on all births in the three years before the survey date, and (2) the marital total fertility rate (MTFR), which is based on all births within marital unions in the three years before the survey date. The percentage of fertility that is extramarital (PEM) is estimated as 100 x (TFR-MTFR)/TFR. RESULTSThe unweighted average PEM for the most recent surveys in the 63 DHS countries equals 11.3%, with 7.9% premarital and 3.4% postmarital. By far the highest percentage premarital is found in southern Africa (43%) and the lowest in Asia/North Africa (0.9%). Postmarital fertility is most common in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. CONCLUSIONSChildbearing outside of marriage is an important feature of contemporary reproductive regimes in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. By contrast, less than 2% of births are extramarital in most Asian and North African societies. https://www.demographic-research.org CONTRIBUTION Extramarital fertility has social and economic consequences -for women, for their households, and for their children. We estimate, for the first time, the levels, trends, and differentials in both categories (premarital and postmarital) of extramarital fertility in LMICs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%