Maritime order and connectivity in the Indian Ocean: the renewed significance of the Bay of Bengal

Chaudhury, Anasua Basu Ray; Chatterji, Rakhahari

doi:10.1080/19480881.2019.1665823

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Due to the growing geopolitical importance of the Indian Ocean region, India's traditional maritime policy has evolved from "net security provider" to "leading power." Through collaboration with China and other maritime players, India is developing a maritime policy that boosts regional connectivity, enhances maritime cooperation, and ensures successful efforts in the Indian Ocean to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief [29].…”

Section: Firearms Manufacturing Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modernization Efforts Undertaken by the Nepali Army

Bhattarai

2023

J. Know. Inn.

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One of the nation's oldest organizations is the Army of Nepal. The development of Nepal's modern nation has been greatly aided by the armed forces. The ultimate responsibility for protecting, maintaining, and safeguarding the nation's independence has fallen on the Nepali Army. Science and technology are used for the development of the armed forces in China and India. Against this backdrop, Nepal experiences cyber-attacks, environmental degradation, pandemics, and ethnic, racial, or religious conflicts, among other things. The people of Nepal have faith in the Nepal Army since they are involved in various service-related activities. However, Nepal has a poor economy, it lags far behind in the modernization of the national army. Based on the study, the current strength and technical resources available to the Nepali Army to handle different types of challenges have been investigated. In this article, the Nepali Army's struggles to adapt to a new political system and the initiatives it has made to modernize itself are mostly discussed. With the changing nature of modern warfare, tactics, and situations, some changes have been necessary for Nepal's Army on the front of training, habitats, equipment, and technology. This article also discusses the achievements of Gehendra Shamsher (1871–1906), a firearms designer, inventor, and high-ranking officer of the Nepalese Army, as a role model for Nepal's modernization efforts. After Gehendra Shamsher, the Nepali Army has undertaken several modernization initiatives. The main objective of this paper is to discuss some modernization efforts done by the Nepal Army using science and technology. The material is taken from various sources, such as Tribhuvan University's Central Library in Kirtipur, the Army Central Library, the Military Museum in Kathmandu, and national and international literature."

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Section: Firearms Manufacturing Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modernization Efforts Undertaken by the Nepali Army

Bhattarai

2023

J. Know. Inn.

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“…Disagreement between India and China on BRI brought the QUAD issue to Chattogram or Bangladesh overtly and featured good approaches to the maritime affairs of Asia for doing international trade. Chaudhury and Chatterji (2019) informed that the new QUAD 2.0 has gained momentum since November 2017, and focused on Indo-Pacific's command by a new forum. QUAD is the repositioning of activities of MSR powered by BRI in covering maritime activities in the Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Activities Of National and International Forumsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Against this backdrop, BRI also made more effort to provide financial support to Bangladesh and Nepal, and contributed accordingly. In this connection, Chaudhury and Chatterji (2019) see the QUAD approach as maritime coverage in the Bay that has been transformed into a geo-strategic and geo-economic maritime space strategy for doing international shipping business. Islam (2021) gained knowledge from an interview of German scholars, who stated that maritime connectivity is embedded in the context of SAARC or BIMSTEC as a matter of subregional cooperation, but the opportunity remains to intensify international trade, as many South Asian countries have coastal/maritime economies.…”

Section: Activities Of National and International Forumsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chattogram Port: A dedicated service institution to evolve the country boldly

Saha

2022

Marit. Technol. Res.

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Critical success factors, Maritime load centerChattogram Port, the premier seaport of Bangladesh, has reached a remarkable position, not only in South Asia, but also in the world for its record performance in handling cargo and containers. This has happened due to continuous increase of GDP, infrastructural development, increased purchasing power, foreign exchange by manpower business, port development, and the efforts of many people. The history of Chattogram port began in the 4 th century BC, when Chattogram was known as "Shetgang", or "Delta of the Ganges"; later, in the 16 th century, it was known as "Porte Grande". The present location of the port was established in the year 1887 that developed by 1910. In 1960, all assets of the port were declared under the property of "Port Trust". However, port management, operations, and others are directed by Chittagong Port Authority Ordinance, 1976. As per port throughput of 2019, the port was declared as the 58 th busiest container port in the world by Lloyds List in their 100 ports ranking in 2020. Furthermore, in 2021, Chattogram Port handled a record 3.2 million TEUs. This research applied a mixed-method approach, where the quantitative approach tried to explore Chattogram Port's performance data, and the qualitative approach used historical data and information to articulate port features in the internal and external environment. The originalities of this research are geopolitical debate to select Chattogram Port as a prime maritime load center of South Asia to connect the landlocked parts of India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Myanmar, active regional and international forums like BCIM, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal (BBIN), SAARC, BIMSTEC, OBOR, and QUAD based on Chattogram Port, and development of Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI) internationally to improve freight transport connectivity, and use expansion of hinterland to provide maritime logistics services for regional connectivity. A recent step by the port authority to invest in constructing a deep seaport in the Bay of Bengal, attractive to the world port community and remarked by all in port expansion, investment, and efficiency, was investigated rigorously. Overall, this paper aims to explore Chattogram Port's current activity and future planning, and recall the port's history as inspiration and motivation to shape the port in a notable position in the port world.

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“…These areas of cooperation in BIMSTEC were increased to 14 sectors, ranging from agricultural issues to public health that have been identified in various ministerial meetings of the forum. BIMSTEC, in the Bay of Bengal region, is a unique regional cooperation initiative in terms of geographical contiguity and access to the Indian Ocean in an age when the Bay of Bengal’s strategic significance is rapidly increasing (Agarwala & Saha, 2019; Chaudhury & Chatterji, 2019). The countries connected through this cooperative framework are not only tied to each other via the Bay of Bengal but also enjoy shared history and civilizational links (De, 2021; Marwah, 2020; Xavier, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Economy of Trade in BIMSTEC: A Contemporary Perspective

2022

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BIMSTEC has completed more than two decades of its existence, with 2022 marking the regional grouping’s 25th anniversary. In this article, we study the nature and evolution of BIMSTEC, as we discuss and analyse the nature of intra-regional trade, with a focus on BIMSTEC member countries’ trade with India and China. We also highlight the political challenges and hindrances to increasing intra-regional trade. The China factor and its expanding footprint among these countries is analysed. The article concludes with suggestions and unique pathways that BIMSTEC can emphasize in creating a common identity, that is, focusing on connectivity and improved logistics as well as establishing a BIMSTEC university for exchange of ideas and building trust. The article fills the existing gap in the literature by comparing India and China’s trade with BIMSTEC countries, emphasizing the creation of the soft power appeal of BIMSTEC to make it a more viable regional organization.

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Maritime order and connectivity in the Indian Ocean: the renewed significance of the Bay of Bengal

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Modernization Efforts Undertaken by the Nepali Army

Modernization Efforts Undertaken by the Nepali Army

Chattogram Port: A dedicated service institution to evolve the country boldly

Political Economy of Trade in BIMSTEC: A Contemporary Perspective

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