Marked Increase in Insulin Sensitivity of Human Fat Cells 1 Hour after Glucose Ingestion

Arner, Peter; Bolinder, Jan; Östman, Jan

doi:10.1172/jci110817

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal were calculated when postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels returned to baseline, as in our study. In line with this in vivo study, an in vitro study using human adipocytes also revealed increased insulin sensitivity following a glucose load [49]. Hence, the results of all these studies indicate that the facilitating effect of glucose on the disposal of a consecutive glucose load is based on improved insulin sensitivity without a significant change in the acute insulin response.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Postprandial lipaemia induces an acute decrease of insulin sensitivity in healthy men independently of plasma NEFA levels

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Typical Western diets cause postprandial lipaemia for 18 h per day. We tested the hypothesis that postprandial lipaemia decreases insulin sensitivity. Subjects, materials and methods: Employing a randomised crossover design, we administered two types of virtually isocaloric meals to ten healthy volunteers on two separate occasions. The meals (Meals 1 and 2) were both designed to produce a rise in triglycerides, but only Meal 1 generated a rise in NEFA, too. Insulin sensitivity, as quantified by an IVGTT with minimal model analysis, was calculated postabsorptively at 08.00 h and postprandially at 13.00 h, i.e. 3 h after meal ingestion. Results: Triglycerides rose from 0.91±0.31 mmol/l postabsorptively to 2.08±0.70 mmol/l postprandially with Meal 1 (p=0.005) and from 0.92±0.41 to 1.71±0.79 mmol/ l with Meal 2 (p=0.005). Neither the triglyceride levels at 13.00 h, nor the post-meal AUCs for triglycerides were statistically different between Meal 1 and Meal 2. NEFA rose from 0.44±0.17 mmol/l postabsorptively to 0.69±0.16 mmol/ l postprandially with Meal 1 (p=0.005) and showed no significant change with Meal 2 (0.46±0.31 mmol/l postabsorptively vs 0.36±0.32 mmol/l postprandially, p=0.09). Both the NEFA level at 13.00 h and the post-meal AUC for NEFA were significantly higher after Meal 1 than Meal 2. Compared with the postabsorptive state, insulin sensitivity decreased postprandially after each of the two meals to a comparable degree (Meal 1: −53%, p=0.02; Meal 2: −45%, p=0.005). Conclusions/interpretation: Our study reveals a drop in insulin sensitivity during postprandial lipaemia and strongly suggests that decreased insulin sensitivity is brought about by elevated plasma levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins independently of plasma NEFA levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Postprandial lipaemia induces an acute decrease of insulin sensitivity in healthy men independently of plasma NEFA levels

et al. 2006

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“…However, adipocytes from obese donors produce more glycerol in the absence of hormones than fat-cells oflean subjects (1-7). As shown in this and previous studies the naturally occurring catecholamines act as pure stimulators when base-line levels are low while the same hormones are inhibitors of fat mobilization when baseline activity is high (6, 1 1) (30,32).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 64%

Influences of variation in total energy intake and dietary composition on regulation of fat cell lipolysis in ideal-weight subjects.

Kather¹,

Wieland²,

Scheurer³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

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Weight-maintaining fat-rich, "prudent," carbohydrate-rich, as well as energy-restricted diets (300 kcal/d) were fed in succession for 7 d to 12 healthy males of ideal body weight under metabolic ward conditions. At the end of each period isolated fat cells were prepared from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and incubated in vitro in the absence or presence of adenosine deaminase, either alone or in combination with various lipolytic or antilipolytic hormones and agents.Variations in total energy intake and dietary composition had characteristic and specific effects on fat cell lipolysis in vitro. High carbohydrate and prudent diets resulted in low rates of nonstimulated glycerol release and impaired insulin action in the presence of adenosine deaminase (320 mU/ml). High-fat and energy restricted diets were characterized by high rates of nonstimulated glycerol release. Sensitivity of antilipolysis to insulin and prostaglandin E2 was 10 to 200 times lower respectively on energy-restricted than on fat-rich diets. The effects of a2-and fl-adrenergic catecholamines and ofN6-phenylisopropyladenosine were not affected by the preceding diets.

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“…The impressive decrease in leg adipose tissue lipolysis after the meal clarifies some of the previous, conflicting data from in vitro studies of adipocytes. Some investigators report no decrease in lipolysis from femoral adipocytes in response to insulin (29,30), whereas other have reported detectable antilipolytic effects of insulin on gluteal fat cells (32)(33)(34). Although it is possible that site difference (gluteal versus femoral) account for the contradictory in vitro findings, it is also possible that the conditions of some in vitro studies do not reproduce the in vivo environment sufficiently to allow normal responses to occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in regional fatty acid metabolism before and after meal ingestion.

1995

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These studies were conducted to determine whether men and women differ with regards to their overnight postabsorptive (basal) and postprandial fatty acid kinetics. Systemic oleate turnover ([9,103H] 8±3 ,umol/min, respectively, P < 0.01) in men than in women during the meal nadir of FFA flux, whereas splanchnic oleate release was a greater percentage (39±7% vs 20±3%, respectively, P < 0.05) of nadir oleate Ra in women than in men. Thus, normal weight men and women differ significantly in the postprandial regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis in that men's upper-body subcutaneous adipose tissue is more resistant to the antilipolytic effects of meal ingestion. Differential regulation of regional adipose tissue lipolysis could contribute to the gender based differences in body fat distribution. (J. Clin. Invest. 1995. 96:2297-2303

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Marked Increase in Insulin Sensitivity of Human Fat Cells 1 Hour after Glucose Ingestion

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Postprandial lipaemia induces an acute decrease of insulin sensitivity in healthy men independently of plasma NEFA levels

Postprandial lipaemia induces an acute decrease of insulin sensitivity in healthy men independently of plasma NEFA levels

Influences of variation in total energy intake and dietary composition on regulation of fat cell lipolysis in ideal-weight subjects.

Gender differences in regional fatty acid metabolism before and after meal ingestion.

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