Marker-Assisted Breeding as Next-Generation Strategy for Genetic Improvement of Productivity and Quality: Can It Be Realized in Cotton?

Abstract

The dawdling development in genetic improvement of cotton with conventional breeding program is chiefly due to lack of complete knowledge on and precise manipulation of fiber productivity and quality. Naturally available cotton continues to be a resource for the upcoming breeding program, and contemporary technologies to exploit the available natural variation are outlined in this paper for further improvement of fiber. Particularly emphasis is given to application, obstacles, and perspectives of marker-assisted breeding since it appears to be more promising in manipulating novel genes that are available in the cotton germplasm. Deployment of system quantitative genetics in marker-assisted breeding program would be essential to realize its role in cotton. At the same time, role of genetic engineering and in vitro mutagenesis cannot be ruled out in genetic improvement of cotton.

Role of QTL mapping to circumscribe various diseases in different crops with special emphasis on cotton.

“…During past couple of decades, QTL mapping technique has been improved enormously and as a result thousands of QTLs are now available for major as well as minor crops [49]. There are many reviews already available describing in detail the application of QTL mapping in various crops [6,14,26,[50][51][52][53][54][55] but, this area is not well covered for disease resistance in G. hirsutum. In this review, we will highlight the applications of QTL mapping for resistance against major disease of cotton.…”

Recent Developments in Fiber Genomics of Tetraploid Cotton Species

“…The SSR marker NAU3991 was successfully mapped and showed complete linkage with the Li 2 locus [41]. Marker-assisted breeding and in vitro mutagenesis of cotton ovules can provide an additional insight into the regulatory aspects of the li 2 mutation in cotton [42]. Similarly, using linkage mapping and analysis in G. raimondii, the Li 1 gene on chromosome 22 was identified.…”

Plant exomics: Concepts, applications and methodologies in crop improvement

“…The conventional method of cotton improvement was based on selection in which variability in agronomic traits was generated and detected then genotypes with favorable characteristics were selected these characteristics results from recombination event that occur at different loci. 75 The genus Gossypium L. contains 45 diploid and 5 allotetraploid species. There are 2 economically significant cultivated species G. barbadense L. and G. hirsutum L. that are allotetraploid these 2 speices were produced by A and D genome.…”

“…There are 2 economically significant cultivated species G. barbadense L. and G. hirsutum L. that are allotetraploid these 2 speices were produced by A and D genome. 75 G. raimondii and G. herbaceum are 2 species that are ancestors of these A and D genomes. 76 It has been found through investigation that the A genome, D genome, and AD genome groups that include G. herbaceum (A1), G. arboretum (A2), G. hirsutum (AD1), and G. barbadense (AD2) received more attention for domestication due to their plentiful seed trichomes and thus laid the basis of the cloth industry.…”

“…76 It has been found through investigation that the A genome, D genome, and AD genome groups that include G. herbaceum (A1), G. arboretum (A2), G. hirsutum (AD1), and G. barbadense (AD2) received more attention for domestication due to their plentiful seed trichomes and thus laid the basis of the cloth industry. 75 Next Generation Sequencing approaches that include trait introgression by marker-assisted selection (MAS), genetic engineering and in vitro mutagenesis have been used effectively to incorporate novel genes to increase genetic diversity. The interspecific trait introgression technique has been successful in analyzing various number that can be modified to comprise many genes, even entire genomes can be targeted by using high-throughput MAS.…”