Marker Assisted Selection for Pl-1 Powdery Mildew Resistance in Apple - Old Markers for a New Resistance Gene?

Dunemann, Frank; Urbanietz, A.; Gardiner, Susan E.; Bassett, Shalome A.; Bassett, H.; Legg, W.; Rusholme, Rachel L.; Bus, Vincent G. M.; Ranatunga, C.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2004.663.137

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…2004). However, within the German apple breeding germplasm, a good correspondence between phenotypical and marker data was found over the years which is still in agreement with the hypothesis that Pl1 is controlled by a single major gene which is acting together with a second (precursor) gene (Dunemann et al. 2004).…”

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confidence: 70%

“…Regarding the Pl1 resistance from M. robusta , several SCAR and Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers have been identified (Markussen et al. 1995, Dunemann et al. 2004) but there were no attempts in the past to assign the markers to a specific apple LG.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…2000), it was pointed out that the SCAR marker AT20‐450 did not correlate with the powdery mildew infection data. Also, in the HortResearch (New Zealand) breeding programme, there was no correlation between the AT20‐SCAR and the mildew field resistance (Dunemann et al. 2004).…”

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Mapping of the apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 and its genetic association with an NBS‐LRR candidate resistance gene

Dunemann

Peil

Urbanietz³

et al. 2007

Plant Breeding

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Molecular markers for the major apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 were identified and are presently used in marker‐assisted selection in apple breeding. However, the precise map position of the Pl1 gene in the apple genome was not known. The objectives of this investigation were the identification of the Malus linkage group (LG) carrying the Pl1 locus, mapping of the resistance gene by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and the analysis of genetic associations between the Pl1 gene and the numerous NBS‐LRR resistance gene candidates already mapped in the apple genome. A two‐step linkage mapping was used, based on two different apple families. The identification of LG 12 carrying Pl1 was performed indirectly by mapping the SCAR marker AT20 in an apple progeny for which there was a core genetic map but no mildew data available. Then, the position of Pl1 on LG 12 was determined by SSR markers in a second population which has been scored for mildew over 6 years in a greenhouse and in the field. The SSR Hi07f01, previously mapped on LG 12 [Tree Genet. Genomes, 2 (2006), 202] cosegregated with AT20 and was closely linked (∼1 cM) to the Pl1 gene. The TIR‐NBS‐LRR resistance gene analogue 15G11 mapped by the SSCP technique was also closely linked to the Pl1 resistance locus and might be a candidate for Pl1 itself, a second powdery mildew major resistance gene (Pld, [Theor. Appl. Genet., 110 (2004), 175]), or two scab resistance genes (Vg, [IOBC/WPRS Bull., 23 (2000), 245]; Vb, [Genome, 49 (2006), 1238]) which all seem to be located in a common R gene cluster at the distal end of apple LG 12.

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Mapping of the apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 and its genetic association with an NBS‐LRR candidate resistance gene

Dunemann

Peil

Urbanietz³

et al. 2007

Plant Breeding

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“…The SCAR marker AT20-450 initially developed by Markussen et al (1995) for MAS for powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 was later reported to be unreliable. For example, Kellerhals et al (2000) reported that AT20-450 did not correlate with the powdery mildew infection data, while Dunemann et al (2004) proposed a two-gene model for powdery mildew resistance.…”

Section: Current Status Of Mas In Apple-breeding Programmesmentioning

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Towards genomic selection in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) breeding programmes: Prospects, challenges and strategies

Kumar

Bink

Volz

et al. 2011

Tree Genetics & Genomes

105

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The apple genome sequence and the availability of high-throughput genotyping technologies have initiated a new era where SNP markers are abundant across the whole genome. Genomic selection (GS) is a statistical approach that utilizes all available genome-wide markers simultaneously to estimate breeding values or total genetic values. For breeding programmes, GS is a promising alternative to the traditional marker-assisted selection for manipulating complex polygenic traits often controlled by many smalleffect genes. Various factors, such as genetic architecture of selection traits, population size and structure, genetic evaluation systems, density of SNP markers and extent of linkage disequilibrium, have been shown to be the key drivers of the accuracy of GS. In this paper, we provide an overview of the status of these aspects in current applebreeding programmes. Strategies for GS for fruit quality and disease resistance are discussed, and an update on an empirical genomic selection study in a New Zealand applebreeding programme is provided, along with a foresight of expected accuracy from such selection.

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“…Accession 3762 is M. × robusta o.p. accession MAL59/1 raised from seed collected from the Hillier Nurseries (Dunemann et al 2004). Today, it is regarded as the main source of the Pl1 gene for powdery mildew resistance (Alston et al 2000) and has been used in a number of apple-breeding programmes around the world (Dunemann et al 2004).…”

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Genome mapping of three major resistance genes to woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm.)

Bus

Chagné

Bassett

et al. 2007

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Woolly apple aphid (WAA; Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm.) can be a major economic problem to apple growers in most parts of the world, and resistance breeding provides a sustainable means to control this pest. We report molecular markers for three genes conferring WAA resistance and placing them on two linkage groups (LG) on the genetic map of apple. The Er1 and Er2 genes derived from 'Northern Spy' and 'Robusta 5,' respectively, are the two major genes that breeders have used to date to improve the resistance of apple rootstocks to this pest. The gene Er3, from 'Aotea 1' (an accession classified as Malus sieboldii), is a new major gene for WAA resistance. Genetic markers linked to the Er1 and Er3 genes were identified by screening random amplification of polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; RAPD) markers across DNA bulks from resistant and susceptible plants from populations segregating for these genes. The closest RAPD markers were converted into sequence-characterized amplified region markers and the genome location of these two genes was assigned to LG 08 by aligning the maps around the genes with a reference map of 'Discovery' using microsatellite markers. The Er2 gene was located on LG 17 of 'Robusta 5' using a genetic map developed in a M.9×'Robusta 5' progeny. Markers for each of the genes were validated for their usefulness for markerassisted selection in separate populations. The potential use of the genetic markers for these genes in the breeding of apple cultivars with durable resistance to WAA is discussed.

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Marker Assisted Selection for Pl-1 Powdery Mildew Resistance in Apple - Old Markers for a New Resistance Gene?

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Mapping of the apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 and its genetic association with an NBS‐LRR candidate resistance gene

Mapping of the apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl1 and its genetic association with an NBS‐LRR candidate resistance gene

Towards genomic selection in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) breeding programmes: Prospects, challenges and strategies

Genome mapping of three major resistance genes to woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm.)

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