Markers of emotion regulation processes: A neuroimaging and behavioral study of reappraising abilities

Understanding Wellbeing Profiles According to White Matter Structural Connectivity Sub-types in Early Adolescents: The First Hundred Brains Cohort from the Longitudinal Adolescent Brain Study

“…The second negative correlation was in cluster 2, between COMPAS-W total wellbeing and the SCR-L, such that those with higher total wellbeing had lower FA values in this tract. This suggests that for this subgroup, with an overall profile of decreased FA (reflecting axonal degeneration or slower development), better wellbeing was associated with lower FA values specifically in the SCR-L. Vitolo et al ( 2022 ) reported that those who were identified as low dispositional users of reappraisal had increased mean diffusivity in the SCR. Although mean diffusivity is based on the averaged diffusion along all axes, higher mean diffusivity values and lower FA values both correspond with less diffusion restriction and less directionality.…”

“…Therefore, the correlations observed in SCR-L FA in cluster 2, contrast with Vitolo et al’s. ( 2022 ) increased mean diffusivity findings, when considering positive markers of wellbeing (i.e., better reappraisal skills and better mental wellbeing). The difference in findings may be due to the broader age range (18–40 years), and mostly female sample, of Vitolo et al’s study, and therefore may be explained by developmental differences.…”

“…Studies specifically investigating white matter and how it may be linked to aspects of mental health and wellbeing have been limited until recently. Vitolo et al ( 2022 ) measured emotion regulation and white matter microstructure, finding anomalies across tracts linking occipital, parietal, and temporal regions, whereby those with low re-appraisal had increased mean diffusivity in clusters within the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), superior corona radiata (SCR) and anterior uncinate fasciculus (UF). Kotikalapudi et al ( 2022 ) investigated personality profiles that may be predictive of wellbeing and the potential relationships with white matter.…”

“…They found that optimism was positively associated with AD values exclusively in the right hemisphere, and specifically within the anterior cingulum bundle (CNG), anterior corpus callosum (CC genu), anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), corticospinal tract (CST—which had the strongest finding relating to cluster size), SLF, and UF. However, both studies did not directly measure wellbeing, as Vitolo et al ( 2022 ) measured emotion regulation, while Kotikalapudi et al ( 2022 ) assessed personality profiles, that may predict wellbeing; and both studies had mostly or only female samples aged from 18 to 40 years. Further, in a multi-modal study, the associations between gray matter volume, white matter microstructure, and subjective wellbeing in a cohort of 17–65 year old’s was investigated (Jung et al, 2022 ).…”

Using Reappraisal to Improve Outcomes for STEM Teachers and Students

“…Some STEM teachers may initially use maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (see Figure 1) as a core maladaptive skill. The literature has suggested specific neurobiological markers for the use of reappraisal, such as decreased resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) between the Middle Temporal Gyrus and occipito-parietal regions and between prefrontal and occipito-parietal brain regions and microstructural anomalies across white matter tracts connecting temporal, parietal, and occipital brain regions (Vitolo et al, 2022). In another line Daches Cohen et al Journal of Cognition DOI: 10.5334/joc.313 of research, personality traits such as low urgency and high distress intolerance, were linked to disengagement emotion regulation strategies (e.g., suppression) when exposed to high arousal negative affect (Sandel-Fernandez et al, 2022).…”