Markers of hepatitis B infection and immunity in patients attending Aboriginal community controlled health services

Harrod, Mary; Couzos, Sophia; Delaney-Thiele, Dea; Dore, Gregory J.; Hammond, Belinda; Saunders, Mark; Belfrage, Mary; Williams, S.A.; Kaldor, John; Ward, James

doi:10.5694/mja14.00121

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Overall, there were 36 studies reporting 84 HBsAg estimates. Among the 36 studies, four were conducted in urban areas, 28,37,40,43 10 in regional, 30,34,38,41,[44][45][46][47]49,55 seven in remote, 27,33,35,42,[52][53][54] 12 were conducted in multiple geographical locations or were national analyses with no breakdown by location 29,36,39,50,51,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62] and two did not provide enough information to determine a geographical location. 32,43 There were two studies conducted in SA, 27,37 four in WA, 29,30,33,48 five in Qld, 39,41,42,44,52 nine in NSW, 28,32,34...…”

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32,43 There were two studies conducted in SA, 27,37 four in WA, 29,30,33,48 five in Qld, 39,41,42,44,52 nine in NSW, 28,32,34,38,40,43,50,55,62 13 in NT, 35,36,[45][46][47]49,51,53,54,[56][57][58]61 and two included samples from multiple states or territories. 59,60 In total, 16 studies were conducted before [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]…”

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…59,60 In total, 16 studies were conducted before [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] and 20 after 2000, [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] and two studies published after 2000 reported the prevalence of HBsAg before compared with after 2000. 57,62 Two studies were conducted in schools, 33,36 five in prisons or juvenile detention centres, 40,48,50,55,60 eight were random samples in Aboriginal communities, 31,32,34,…”

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic hepatitis B prevalence in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people before and after implementing a universal vaccination program: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background: A higher prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has been reported in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Aboriginal) compared with non-Aboriginal Australians. An Australian infant and adolescent hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination program was implemented in 2000. Meta-analysis methods will be used to examine if the pooled prevalence of CHB decreased after 2000 among Aboriginal Australians. Methods: Embase, Medline and Web of Science were searched from 1 January 1981 to 29 March 2018 and all issues of the Northern Territory and New South Wales Public Health Bulletins. Studies needed to report the number of individuals who were tested and tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Results: There were 36 studies; 16 before and 20 after 2000; reporting 84 prevalence estimates. Population groups included: adults (14 studies), pregnant women (13 studies), prisoners (five studies) children or teenagers (10 studies) and infants (two studies). The pooled prevalence of HBsAg decreased overall (from 10.8% before 2000 vs 3.5% after 2000), in women (4.2% vs 2.2%), in males (17.5% vs 3.5%), in regional (7.8% vs 3.9%) and remote (14.4% vs 5.7%) areas, in New South Wales (12.3% vs 3.0%), in the Northern Territory (6.1% vs 5.1%), in adults (15.3% vs 4.3%) and in pregnant women (3.6% vs 2.6%). Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg decreased among Aboriginal people after 2000.

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Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic hepatitis B prevalence in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people before and after implementing a universal vaccination program: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…Expert opinion was based on a review of published HBsAg seroprevalence data 8 , 9 , 24 – 28 and published 17 and unpublished hepatitis B vaccination coverage estimates, and was informed by previous experience implementing immunization programmes targeting indigenous Australians. While hepatitis B vaccination coverage in indigenous Australian infants has been consistently high (in the vicinity of 95%) after universal immunization was introduced in the year 2000, 23 , 29 , 30 coverage for adolescents was estimated to have been moderate and for adults was estimated to have been poor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although data on hepatitis B vaccination coverage in indigenous adults are very limited, we believe that national coverage is likely to be low. This view is based on various evidence: from a sentinel study quantifying vaccination coverage from analysis of markers of hepatitis B infection; 17 from the poor coverage achieved in funded influenza and pneumococcal vaccination programmes targeted on indigenous adults aged 18–49 years with relevant risk factors; 18 and on the basis of the ongoing higher rate of incident infections in indigenous than non-indigenous adults 19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B immunization for indigenous adults, Australia

Wattiaux

Yin

Beard

et al. 2016

Bull. World Health Organ.

Self Cite

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ObjectiveTo quantify the disparity in incidence of hepatitis B between indigenous and non-indigenous people in Australia, and to estimate the potential impact of a hepatitis B immunization programme targeting non-immune indigenous adults.MethodsUsing national data on persons with newly acquired hepatitis B disease notified between 2005 and 2012, we estimated incident infection rates and rate ratios comparing indigenous and non-indigenous people, with adjustments for underreporting. The potential impact of a hepatitis B immunization programme targeting non-immune indigenous adults was projected using a Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation model.FindingsOf the 54 522 persons with hepatitis B disease notified between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2012, 1953 infections were newly acquired. Acute hepatitis B infection notification rates were significantly higher for indigenous than non-indigenous Australians. The rates per 100 000 population for all ages were 3.6 (156/4 368 511) and 1.1 (1797/168 449 302) for indigenous and non-indigenous people respectively. The rate ratio of age-standardized notifications was 4.0 (95% confidence interval: 3.7–4.3). If 50% of non-immune indigenous adults (20% of all indigenous adults) were vaccinated over a 10-year programme a projected 527–549 new cases of acute hepatitis B would be prevented.ConclusionThere continues to be significant health inequity between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians in relation to vaccine-preventable hepatitis B disease. An immunization programme targeting indigenous Australian adults could have considerable impact in terms of cases of acute hepatitis B prevented, with a relatively low number needed to vaccinate to prevent each case.

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Sub-optimal protection against past hepatitis B virus infection where subtype mismatch exists between vaccine and circulating viral genotype in northern Australia

Cheah

Davies

Singh

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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Markers of hepatitis B infection and immunity in patients attending Aboriginal community controlled health services

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Chronic hepatitis B prevalence in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people before and after implementing a universal vaccination program: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chronic hepatitis B prevalence in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people before and after implementing a universal vaccination program: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatitis B immunization for indigenous adults, Australia

Sub-optimal protection against past hepatitis B virus infection where subtype mismatch exists between vaccine and circulating viral genotype in northern Australia

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