Markers of metabolic endotoxemia as related to metabolic syndrome in an elderly male population at high cardiovascular risk: a cross-sectional study

Awoyemi, Ayodeji; Trøseid, Marius; Arnesen, Harald; Solheim, Svein; Seljeflot, Ingebjørg

doi:10.1186/s13098-018-0360-3

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Increased LPS production due to alterations in LPS-related gut bacteria and/or gut barrier function lead to the development of metabolic endotoxemia and associated chronic low-grade inflammation 16,37 . Recent studies have shown associations between markers of metabolic endotoxemia (LBP and sCD14) and systemic inflammation (TNF-α and IL-6) in subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome 43,44 . Likewise, increasing evidence suggests that the presence of endotoxemia is of substantial clinical relevance to patients with HCC 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omic analysis in transgenic mice implicates omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid imbalance as a risk factor for chronic disease

Kaliannan

Wang

et al. 2019

Commun Biol

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An unbalanced increase in dietary omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and decrease in omega-3 (n-3) PUFA in the Western diet coincides with the global rise in chronic diseases. Whether n-6 and n-3 PUFA oppositely contribute to the development of chronic disease remains controversial. By using transgenic mice capable of synthesizing PUFA to eliminate confounding factors of diet, we show here that alteration of the tissue n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio leads to correlated changes in the gut microbiome and fecal and serum metabolites. Transgenic mice able to overproduce n-6 PUFA and achieve a high tissue n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio exhibit an increased risk for metabolic diseases and cancer, whereas mice able to convert n-6 to n-3 PUFA, and that have a lower n-6/n-3 ratio, show healthy phenotypes. Our study demonstrates that n-6 PUFA may be harmful in excess and suggests the importance of a low tissue n-6/n-3 ratio in reducing the risk for chronic diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-omic analysis in transgenic mice implicates omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid imbalance as a risk factor for chronic disease

Kaliannan

Wang

et al. 2019

Commun Biol

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“…Moreover, the gut microbiome is a source of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, which is able to trigger inflammation and insulin resistance by binding the TLR4 of immune cells and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway [38]. In patients with the metabolic syndrome, increased blood levels of LPS and of the most important LPS ligand, the LPS binding protein (LBP), have been described and found to be correlated with insulin resistance, further supporting the detrimental role of chronic inflammation in glucose metabolism [39,40,41]. Glucose metabolism is also crucial for established tumors, which are characterized by a pronounced glycolytic signature, the so-called Warburg effect [42].…”

Section: Role Of Inflammation Diabetes and Obesity In Enhancing mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Pancreatic Cancer: Focus on Metabolism, Cytokines, and Immunity

Padoan

Plebani

Basso

2019

IJMS

265

221

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Systemic and local chronic inflammation might enhance the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and PDAC-associated inflammatory infiltrate in the tumor microenvironment concurs in enhancing tumor growth and metastasis. Inflammation is closely correlated with immunity, the same immune cell populations contributing to both inflammation and immune response. In the PDAC microenvironment, the inflammatory cell infiltrate is unbalanced towards an immunosuppressive phenotype, with a prevalence of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), M2 polarized macrophages, and Treg, over M1 macrophages, dendritic cells, and effector CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. The dynamic and continuously evolving cross-talk between inflammatory and cancer cells might be direct and contact-dependent, but it is mainly mediated by soluble and exosomes-carried cytokines. Among these, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays a relevant role in enhancing cancer risk, cancer growth, and cancer-associated cachexia. In this review, we describe the inflammatory cell types, the cytokines, and the mechanisms underlying PDAC risk, growth, and progression, with particular attention on TNFα, also in the light of the potential risks or benefits associated with anti-TNFα treatments.

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“…Clinical symptoms of patients with ARDS therefore in many ways correspond to the pathophysiology seen during severe COVID-19 disease. There is a well-known and established link between high LPS levels in blood and MS (9), and obesity (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and boosts proinflammatory activity

Petruk

Puthia

Petrlova

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ABSTRACTThere is a well-known and established link between high lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in blood and the metabolic syndrome (MS). MS is a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here we define an interaction between SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein and LPS and its link to aggravated inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Electrophoresis under native conditions demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 S protein binds to Escherichia coli LPS, forming high molecular weight aggregates. Microscale thermophoresis analysis further defined the interaction, having a KD of ~47 nM, similar to the observed affinity between LPS and the human receptor CD14. Moreover, S protein, when combined with low levels of LPS, boosted nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and cytokine responses in monocytic THP-1 cells and human blood, respectively. In an experimental model of localized inflammation, employing NF-κB reporter mice and in vivo bioimaging, S protein in conjunction with LPS significantly increased the inflammatory response when compared with S protein and LPS alone. Apart from providing information on LPS as a ligand for S protein, our results are of relevance for studies on comorbidities involving bacterial endotoxins, such as the MS, or co-existing acute and chronic infections in COVID-19 patients.

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Markers of metabolic endotoxemia as related to metabolic syndrome in an elderly male population at high cardiovascular risk: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Multi-omic analysis in transgenic mice implicates omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid imbalance as a risk factor for chronic disease

Multi-omic analysis in transgenic mice implicates omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid imbalance as a risk factor for chronic disease

Inflammation and Pancreatic Cancer: Focus on Metabolism, Cytokines, and Immunity

SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and boosts proinflammatory activity

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