Markers of preeclampsia and the relationship to cardiovascular disease: review of the twenty-first century literature

Gastrich, Mary Downes; Faro, Revitale; Rosen, Todd

doi:10.3109/14767058.2010.481316

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…With the support of local uterine NK cells, SAs must remodel during midgestation to increase blood flow and nutrient delivery to support the growing fetus (Moll et al, 1978). In humans, poor SA remodeling is associated with pregnancy complications, including fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and preeclampsia (Lyall, 2002;Pijnenborg et al, 2006), and can otherwise lead to long-term health complications for mother and child (Barker et al, 1989;Gastrich et al, 2010;Geelhoed and Jaddoe, 2010). Prior to remodeling, the SA is supported by smooth muscle coverage, extracellular matrix, and a basement membrane, but during SA remodeling smooth muscle coverage is shed, extracellular matrix degrades, and basement membrane is diminished (Figure 1E; Sweeney et al, 2006;Whitley and Cartwright, 2010;Robson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Spiral Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic Programing and Specialization in Hybrid Vessels

Pawlak

Caron

2020

Front. Physiol.

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Building on a large body of existing blood vascular research, advances in lymphatic research have helped kindle broader investigations into vascular diversity and endothelial plasticity. While the endothelium of blood and lymphatic vessels can be distinguished by a variety of molecular markers, the endothelia of uniquely diverse vascular beds can possess distinctly heterogeneous or hybrid expression patterns. These expression patterns can then provide further insight on the development of these vessels and how they perform their specialized function. In this review we examine five highly specialized hybrid vessel beds that adopt partial lymphatic programing for their specialized vascular functions: the high endothelial venules of secondary lymphoid organs, the liver sinusoid, the Schlemm's canal of the eye, the renal ascending vasa recta, and the remodeled placental spiral artery. We summarize the morphology and endothelial expression pattern of these vessels, compare them to each other, and interrogate their specialized functions within the broader blood and lymphatic vascular systems.

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Section: Spiral Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic Programing and Specialization in Hybrid Vessels

Pawlak

Caron

2020

Front. Physiol.

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“…Furthermore, given that the ratio of serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 to placental growth factor has recently been validated as a biochemical predictor of pre-eclampsia, 26 it too can be evaluated as a marker of persistent endothelial dysfunction and risk of cardiovascular disease after pregnancy. 27 28 Regardless, we need better data about whether prenatal biochemical screening offers additive information over that provided by conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors and adverse events in pregnancy, 4 5 6 7 8 such as the maternal placental syndromes or preterm delivery. One approach might be an analysis of risk reclassification, assessing the proportion of women whose level of risk changes if the values of prenatal screening are added to a list of conventional risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal biochemical screening and long term risk of maternal cardiovascular disease: population based cohort study

Ray

Huang

Meschino

et al. 2018

BMJ

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ObjectiveTo examine whether abnormal prenatal biochemical screening results are associated with an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease after pregnancy.DesignPopulation based cohort study.SettingThe entire province of Ontario, Canada, where healthcare is universally available.ParticipantsWomen aged 12-55 years, without pre-existing cardiovascular disease, who underwent prenatal screening between 1993 and 2011. One pregnancy per woman was randomly selected.ExposuresLow (≤5th centile multiple of the median) serum total chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol, and pregnancy associated plasma protein A and high (≥95th centile multiple of the median) alphafetoprotein and dimeric inhibin-A.Main outcome measuresComposite of hospital admission or revascularisation for coronary artery, cerebrovascular, or peripheral arterial disease or hospital admission for heart failure or dysrhythmia at least 365 days after pregnancy.ResultsAmong 855 536 pregnancies, and after a median of 11.4 (interquartile range 6.8-17.5) years of follow-up, 6209 women developed the main cardiovascular disease outcome. Abnormal results for each of the five prenatal biochemical screening analytes, especially dimeric inhibin-A, were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Women with an abnormally high dimeric inhibin-A (≥95th centile) had the highest rate of cardiovascular disease (30 events or 8.3 per 10 000 person years versus 251 events or 3.8 per 10 000 person years for those <95th centile; multivariable adjusted hazard ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 3.0). Compared with women without any abnormal biochemical measure, the hazard ratio for the cardiovascular disease composite outcome was 1.2-1.3 times higher with one abnormal analyte and 1.5-2.0 times higher with two or more abnormal analytes.ConclusionsWomen with abnormal prenatal biochemical screening results, especially for dimeric inhibin-A, may be at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. If these findings are replicated elsewhere, a massive amount of data exists that could aid in identifying women at higher risk of premature cardiovascular disease and that could be conveyed to them or their healthcare providers.

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“…However, recent data have shown that maternal endothelial dysfunction may persist for years after the episode, and that women who have suffered from preeclampsia have higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than women who have not had the disease. 14,15 These findings indicate that pre-eclampsia might have more systemic effects on the mother than once thought.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 88%

“…It was previously believed that pre‐eclampsia was a self‐limiting condition that resolves after delivery of the placenta with insignificant long‐term sequelae for the mother, although fetal morbidity might be great. However, recent data have shown that maternal endothelial dysfunction may persist for years after the episode, and that women who have suffered from pre‐eclampsia have higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than women who have not had the disease . These findings indicate that pre‐eclampsia might have more systemic effects on the mother than once thought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%