“…Searching for articles Excluded N=38 Silva et al, 2012;Li et al, 2012a;Nielsen & Gudergan, 2012;Malik & Zhao, 2013;Liu & Zhang, 2014;Ortiz-de-Urbina-Criado et al, 2014;Ho & Wang, 2015;Choi &Contractor, 2016;Malik & Yazar, 2016;Lojacono et al, 2017 Journal of International Business Studies 6 Miller et al, 2008;Jandik & Kali, 2009;Yeniyurt et al, 2009;Reuer & Ragozzino, 2014;Choi & Yeniyurt, 2015;Lew et al, 2016 Journal of Business Research 5 Chen et al, 2009a;Marciukaityte et al, 2009;Shin, 2012;Li et al, 2013;Dasí-Rodríguez & Pardo-del-Val, 2015 Journal of International Management 4 Nakos & Brouthers, 2008;Lai et al, 2010;Li et al, 2012b;Li et al, 2017 British Journal of Management 3 Kim & Parkhe, 2009;Arranz et al 2016;Christoffersen & Robson, 2017 Organization Science 3 Robson et al, 2008;Lavie & Miller, 2008 "as a mutual and voluntary decision adopted by two or more independent firms in order to trade or share resources for mutual benefit" 2 Thomas and Trevino (1993); Shin et al (2012Shin et al ( , p.1606 "…collaboration between two or more companies wanting to establish and maintain a cooperative relationship due to complementary capabilities based on core competencies and various activities…" 1 Parkhe (1993,p. 794); Christoffersen (2013a, p.519) "…alliances as voluntary inter-firm cooperati...…”