Market Reforms and Internal Labor Migration in Vietnam

Abstract

This article considers the nature and patterns of labor migration in Vietnam since the introduction of market reforms or Doi Moi in 1986. Using data from the 1989 census, the article examines provincial or area characteristics and human capital resources in determining migration. Migration was found to play a role in providing human resources to labor-scarce areas and it has also become a means for people to improve their life chances. Among others, the findings indicate the selective impacts of market reforms on the migration propensities of men and women. Possible explanations for the findings and their policy implications of the results are discussed.

Health Inequality between Migrant and Non-Migrant Workers in an Industrial Zone of Vietnam

“…Vietnam has undergone rapid industrialization since economic reforms in 1986, leading to massive waves of labor mobility and internal worker migration from rural areas to places where manufacturers are located. This labor mobility helps millions of people moving out of poverty and has contributed considerably to the economic growth of Vietnam in the past three decades [9,21,22]. A report from the United Nations Industrial Development Organization in 2015 revealed that in Vietnam, more than 2.3 million people worked in industrial zones, and 70% of them were migrant workers with a predominance of females and youth [23].…”

Consequences of urban migration of adult children for the elderly left-behind in rural Vietnam

“…These programs commonly aim at a more "efficient" balance between the distribution of resources and the population" (Desbarats, 1987, p. 43). The author asserts that Vietnam is one of 15 countries in the Asian and Pacific region that have indicated its distribution of the population was "extremely unacceptable" and in need of "radical intervention" Likewise, D. N. Anh (1999) First, the repatriation of war refugees (1975-6) when South Vietnam was liberated, and the nation reunified, saw the immediate launch of a relocation program to quickly return war refugees to their original villages. This served to tackle the problem of congestion in Southern cities by reducing urban populations.…”

Nature and Factors Affecting Tribal Labour Migration of Wayanad District of Kerala

“…Migration has been both a boon and a curse to humans particularly the tribal people (Sundari, 2007). Migration is necessarily a pre-empt move; it is the survival instinct that drives humans to seek better prospects (Anh, 1999). The possible causes of migration can be identified as economic reasons such as dense population and lack of means of livelihood, facility of transport, attraction of industrial centers, facility of trade and commerce.…”