“…For example, the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (2014) has classified marketing into 18 subjects (e.g., buyer behavior, industrial marketing, promotion). Journal of Marketing has classified marketing into five broad subject areas (marketing environment, marketing functions, special marketing applications, marketing research, and other topics) (Leonard 2012). For the purpose of this research, eight subject areas from the scheme developed by Cano, Carrillat, and Jaramillo (2004) were used: advertising, channels, consumer behavior, research methods, new product development, pricing, sales, and strategy.…”