Markets for Communist Human Capital: Returns to Education and Experience in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The author thanks Pavel Mahonín, Petr Mateju and Jiri Vecerník for making available the micro-data used in this research and T. Paul Schultz, Michael Montias, Jenny Hunt and three anonymous referees for guidance and helpful comments. Terms of use: Documents in MARKETS FOR COMMUNIST HUMAN CAPITAL: Returns to Education and Experience in the Czech Republic and Slovakia Robert S. Chase AbstractThis research examines differences in earnings structure between Communist and post-Communist Czech Republic and Slovakia using four sets of similar micro-data. It presents hypotheses about how earnings dispersion returns to education and returns to experience will change across regimes and tests those hypotheses using earnings equations. From approximately 2.5 percent in 1984, the return to education increased to approximately 5 percent by 1993. During that period, returns to experience fell. Though women have higher returns to education, returns for men increased more across regime change. Those with academic secondary education experienced a particularly large earnings increase. Earnings structure changes appear larger in the Czech Republic than in Slovakia.In former Communist countries, economic, political and social institutions have changed markedly since 1989. Previously, as part of a social policy purported to deliver equity between workers, central planners set wages by industry and occupation, so earnings and income profiles were compressed compared to those of market economies. Now that central planners' influence over the labor allocation system has relaxed, do earnings structures in post-Communist economies approximate those in market economies? While earnings seem to have become more dispersed, questions remain concerning their structure during the Communist era, in postCommunist economies, and differences between the two. How do earnings relate to worker characteristics, particularly worker's education and experience? Comparing the two regimes, are education and experience valued in different ways? How do men's and women's earnings differ across regime change?

Education and entry into motherhood: the Czech Republic during state-socialism and the transition period (1970-1997)

“…Those with university education experienced a particularly large earnings increase. Unlike the earnings return on formal education, the earning return on experience declined (Chase 1998).…”

The estimation of Mincer function in conditions of the Czech republic

“…Tabulka 1 ukazuje, že vliv dalšího roku vzdělání činil v ČR v roce 1989 2,7 % a v roce 1996 se zvýšil na 5,8 %. Podobných výsledků dosáhli i další autoři Chase (1998) Další autoři se tímto tématem rovněž zabývají např. Jeong et al (2008), Matějů a Večerník (2015), nebo se nově zabývají problémem tzv.…”

Economic and Non-economic Returns to Higher Education during a Period of Educational Expansion in the Czech Republic

“…Jiné proměnné, například informace o oboru studia nebo oboru ekonomických činností, nebyly v datech k dispozici. Při návrhu modelů jsme vyšli z klasické Mincerovy regresní rovnice, jejíž platnost ověřila řada autorů [Chase 1998;Lemieux 2006;Polachek 2008;Trostel, Walker, Woolley 2002;Večerník 2001]. Závisle proměnnou je přirozený logaritmus (ln) hodinového příjmu zaměstnance, což umožňuje porovnávat příjmy zaměstnanců s různými úvazky.…”