Marshall's versus Jacobs' Externalities in Firm Innovation Performance: The Case of French Industry

Abstract

GALLIANO D., MAGRINI M.-B. and TRIBOULET P. Marshall's versus Jacobs' externalities in firm innovation performance: the case of French industry, Regional Studies. This paper analyses the influence of different types of spatial externalities related to the location of firms on their innovation performance and how those externalities combine in the territories with regard to the Marshall-Jacobs dichotomy. The originality of this study also lies in the consideration of a larger definition of the firm, one that takes into account the location of all its units. Based on a dataset of French industrial firms and specific indicators to evaluate the specialization and/or diversification of the employment zones, the impacts of the spatial profile of the firm on its innovation performance are tested. InnovationSpatial externalities Agglomeration economies Multiunit firms French industry Location quotient GALLIANO D., MAGRINI M.-B. and TRIBOULET P. 企业创新表现中的马歇尔外部性对雅各布斯外部性：法国工业的案 例，区域研究。本文分析与企业区位有关的不同类型的空间外部性，对企业的创新表现产生的影响，以及这些外部性 在马歇尔-雅各布斯的二元对立中，如何在领域中相互结合。本文的创新性，亦在于将企业的所有单位之区位皆纳入 考量，以更广泛地考量企业的定义。本研究根据一个法国工业企业的数据集和评估就业区的专殊化以及／或多样化特 定指标，测试企业的空间形态对创新表现的影响。 创新 空间外部性 聚集经济 多单位企业 法国工业 区位商数 GALLIANO D., MAGRINI M.-B. et TRIBOULET P.Les externalités Marshall versus Jacobs dans la performance innovatrice de la firme: le cas de l'industrie française, Regional Studies. Ce papier analyse l'influence des externalités spatiales en lien avec la localisation de la firme sur sa performance à l'innovation et comment ces externalités spatiales se combinent dans les territoires au regard de la dichotomie Marshall-Jacobs. L'originalité de notre étude réside également dans la prise en compte d'une définition élargie de la firme qui intègre la localisation de tous ses établissements. Basé sur un ensemble de données d'entreprises industrielles françaises et deux indicateurs pour évaluer la spécialisation et/ou la diversification des zones d'emploi en France, nous testons l'impact du profil spatial de la firme sur sa performance innovatrice. Innovation Externalités spatiales Économies d'agglomération Firmes multi-établissements Industrie française Quotient de localisation GALLIANO D., MAGRINI M.-B. und TRIBOULET P. Marshall-und Jacobs-Externalitäten bei der Innovationsleistung von Firmen: der Fall der französischen Industrie, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag wird der Einfluss verschiedener Arten von räumlichen Externalitäten im Zusammenhang mit dem Standort von Firmen auf ihre Innovationsleistung analysiert, und es wird untersucht, wie sich diese Externalitäten in den Gebieten hinsichtlich der Marshall-Jacobs-Dichotomie miteinander kombinieren. Die Originalität dieser Studie liegt auch in der Verwendung einer breiteren Definition des Begriffs der Firma begründet, bei der der Standort von allen ihren Niederlassungen berücksichtigt wird. Ausgehend von einem Datensatz französischer Industriefirmen und von spezifischen Indikatoren zur Bewertung der Spezialisierung und/oder Diversifizierung der Beschäftigungszonen werden die Auswirkungen des räumlichen...

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