Marsupial Milk – Identifying Signals for Regulating Mammary Function and Development of the Young

Sharp, Julie A.; Lefèvre, Christophe; Kwek, Joly; Topcic, Denijal; Buscara, Laurine; Pooley, Cate; Iongh, Robb U. de; Familari, Mary; Nicholas, Kevin R.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-9023-2_15

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This group includes marsupial-specific milk protein genes such as the late lactation proteins ( LLPA and LLPB ) as well as others such as whey acidic protein ( WAP ) [ 153 ] that are also found in milk of many eutherians [ 154 ] but lacking in humans, goat and ewe [ 155 ]. Evidence is now emerging that changes in composition of the major milk proteins and many bioactives [ 156 , 157 ] contribute to a more central role of milk in regulating development and function of the mammary gland [ 158 ] to provide protection from bacterial infection in the gut of the young and the mammary gland [ 159 ] (A Watt and KR Nicholas, unpublished results) and to deliver specific signals to the young that regulate growth and development of specific tissues such as the gut [ 160 ]. There is also a novel putative non-coding RNA ( PTNC-1 ) expressed in the mammary gland throughout lactation.…”

Section: Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequence of an Australian kangaroo, Macropus eugenii, provides insight into the evolution of mammalian reproduction and development

et al. 2011

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BackgroundWe present the genome sequence of the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii, which is a member of the kangaroo family and the first representative of the iconic hopping mammals that symbolize Australia to be sequenced. The tammar has many unusual biological characteristics, including the longest period of embryonic diapause of any mammal, extremely synchronized seasonal breeding and prolonged and sophisticated lactation within a well-defined pouch. Like other marsupials, it gives birth to highly altricial young, and has a small number of very large chromosomes, making it a valuable model for genomics, reproduction and development.ResultsThe genome has been sequenced to 2 × coverage using Sanger sequencing, enhanced with additional next generation sequencing and the integration of extensive physical and linkage maps to build the genome assembly. We also sequenced the tammar transcriptome across many tissues and developmental time points. Our analyses of these data shed light on mammalian reproduction, development and genome evolution: there is innovation in reproductive and lactational genes, rapid evolution of germ cell genes, and incomplete, locus-specific X inactivation. We also observe novel retrotransposons and a highly rearranged major histocompatibility complex, with many class I genes located outside the complex. Novel microRNAs in the tammar HOX clusters uncover new potential mammalian HOX regulatory elements.ConclusionsAnalyses of these resources enhance our understanding of marsupial gene evolution, identify marsupial-specific conserved non-coding elements and critical genes across a range of biological systems, including reproduction, development and immunity, and provide new insight into marsupial and mammalian biology and genome evolution.

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Section: Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequence of an Australian kangaroo, Macropus eugenii, provides insight into the evolution of mammalian reproduction and development

et al. 2011

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“…The tammar mammary gland is programmed to progress through defined phases of the lactation cycle and to deliver milk bioactivity that correlates with specific developmental stages in the young (Sharp et al, 2010). The tammar lactation cycle is divided into four broad phases (Fig.…”

Section: The Lactation Cycle In the Tammar Wallabymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is increasing evidence that changes in milk composition regulate growth of the tammar pouch young (Sharp et al, 2010, Sharp et al, 2015). The tammar wallaby is one of most studied marsupials and its lactation is divided into three phases (phase 2A, phase 2B and phase 3) based on the composition of the milk and growth and development of the young (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tammar wallaby: A marsupial model to examine the timed delivery and role of bioactives in milk

Sharp

Wanyonyi

Modepalli

et al. 2017

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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It is now clear that milk has multiple functions; it provides the most appropriate nutrition for growth of the newborn, it delivers a range of bioactives with the potential to stimulate development of the young, it has the capacity to remodel the mammary gland (stimulate growth or signal cell death) and finally milk can provide protection from infection and inflammation when the mammary gland is susceptible to these challenges. There is increasing evidence to support studies using an Australian marsupial, the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii), as an interesting and unique model to study milk bioactives. Reproduction in the tammar wallaby is characterized by a short gestation, birth of immature young and a long lactation. All the major milk constituents change substantially and progressively during lactation and these changes have been shown to regulate growth and development of the tammar pouch young and to have roles in mammary gland biology. This review will focus on recent reports examining the control of lactation in the tammar wallaby and the timed delivery of milk bioactivity.

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Marsupial Milk – Identifying Signals for Regulating Mammary Function and Development of the Young

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

Genome sequence of an Australian kangaroo, Macropus eugenii, provides insight into the evolution of mammalian reproduction and development

Genome sequence of an Australian kangaroo, Macropus eugenii, provides insight into the evolution of mammalian reproduction and development

The tammar wallaby: A marsupial model to examine the timed delivery and role of bioactives in milk

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