Marteiliosis in molluscs: A review

Abstract

-Among mollusc pathogens, paramyxeans are an important group of protistan parasites belonging to the genera Marteilia and Marteilioides. Marteilia refringens and M. sydneyi are of particular concern given their potential impact on mollusc aquaculture world-wide. Aber disease and QX disease are currently listed by the OIE, the World Organisation for Animal Health. After more than thirty years of existence in the scientific literature, these organisms still pose questions and research challenges to investigators. This paper reviews current knowledge of the group and key references. The review was focused on taxonomy, epidemiology, pathology and potential control methods for these organisms in order to enhance understanding of paramyxean infection issues in mollusc aquaculture.Key words: Taxonomy / Epidemiology / Pathology / Diagnosis / Paramyxean parasites Résumé -Marteiliose des mollusques : une synthèse. Au nombre des agents pathogènes des mollusques, les paramyxéens, notamment les agents appartenant aux genres Marteilia et Marteilioides, sont des protistes parasites des plus importants. Marteilia refringens et M. sydneyi constituent un souci majeur compte tenu de leur impact potentiel sur la conchyliculture dans le monde. La maladie des Abers et la maladie du Queensland (QX) sont actuellement répertoriées par l'Office International des Epizooties. Après plus de trente années d'existence dans la littérature scientifique, ces organismes posent encore questions et défis aux investigateurs. Cet article fait l'état des connaissances sur le sujet en s'attachant plus particulièrement à la taxonomie, l'épidémiologie, la pathologie et les méthodes potentielles de contrôle de ces organismes dans l'optique d'une meilleure compréhension de la problématique des paramyxéens en conchyliculture.

Cockle Cerastoderma edule fishery collapse in the Ría de Arousa (Galicia, NW Spain) associated with the protistan parasite Marteilia cochillia

“…A number of mollusc species have been found hosting known Marteilia species or undetermined Marteilia sp. parasites (reviewed by Berthe et al 2004, Aranguren et al 2011. Among them, a Marteilia sp.…”

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“…prevalence is high ly variable -up to 98% in O. edulis, and higher prevalence is expected depending on farming practices and in the areas that have had more than one year of exposure to infection (Feist, et al, 2009;Berthe, et al, 2004). Stocking at low density has been shown to be effective on the control and prevention of Marteilia spp.…”

Fish and Shellfish Diseases Caused by Marine Protists

“…In addition to the fl at oyster, M. refringens is also found from other oysters and mussels ( Mytilus spp.) (Berthe et al 2004 ;Bower 2006 ) Comps, 1986 have been described from a rock oyster ( Saccostrea cucullata ) and the peppery furrow shell ( Scrobicularia piperata ) , respectively , while their pathogenicity in host species is unknown.…”