Martín Correa Cabrera. Historia del despojo. El origen de la propiedad particular en el territorio mapuche

Ethno-Cultural Identity Formation in Mapuche Youth Biographies: A Case Study from the Perspective of Colonial and Transgenerational Historical

“…The relationship between the Mapuche people and the Chilean National State has historically been unstable and marked by periods of conflict. The military campaign of 1861-1883, referred to as the "pacification" of Araucanía, entailed the death and systematic expropriation of their land, identity, and the right to independence throughout the southern region of the country (Balbontin-Gallo, 2020;Correa, 2021).…”

“…The Chilean State has employed various mechanisms to assimilate the Mapuche people, including land dispossession (Correa, 2021;Rioja, 2023), demographic disintegration through forced displacements, confinement in reductions, and forced peasantization (Bengoa, 2004;Nahuelpan & Antimil, 2019). Additionally, institutions related to religion, health, education, and productive development have distinctly aimed at cultural assimilation (Nahuelpan & Antimil, 2019).…”

“…We will explore forms of generational transfer of responses/reactions to the adversities experienced by previous generations and how these would influence the formation of ethno-cultural identity. The adversities experienced are linked to the difficult living conditions of many Mapuche families, whose history dates back to the period of occupation and post-occupation of La Araucanía region, where the border with the Chilean State was established (Correa, 2021). In this article, we will present evidence on how these forms of responses to historical, colonial, and transgenerational trauma influence the processes of identity formation of young people ascribed to the Mapuche ethnocultural identity.…”

“…The historical relationship between the Mapuche people and the Chilean National State has been consistently unstable and marked by periods of conflict. The fundamental approach from Chile toward the indigenous population has historically been one of assimilation (Balbontin-Gallo, 2020;Correa, 2021). Over the past decades, the conflict between various Mapuche communities and the Chilean State has intensified, giving rise to some Mapuche movements aimed at demanding recognition and the reclaiming of their culture, land, and language, among other aspects (Briones & Lepe-Carrión, 2023).…”

A cincuenta años del golpe de Estado: violencia política, usurpación y la creación de una etnicidad conectada

“…Esta describe el impacto que tuvo en el pueblo mapuche la promulgación del Decreto Ley de 1979 que instauró la propiedad privada por sobre los Títulos de Merced, quedando un número importante de mapuche sin tierra (Canales, 1997). En paralelo, algunas de ellas fueron entregadas a privados que se transformaron en empresarios forestales, convirtiéndose este en uno de los principales rubros del país y configurando un nuevo tipo de despojo de tierras para los mapuche (Correa, 2021). En cierto sentido, el pueblo mapuche experimentó el «diseño estratégico global» de un cambio estructural impulsado por la dictadura militar chilena (Moulian, 1997), relacionado a una dimensión internacional de una nueva etapa del capitalismo, en lo que Manuel Gárate denomina «la revolución capitalista» (Gárate, 2012).…”