Masculine norms as correlates of heterosexual men’s attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women.

Keiller, Scott W.

doi:10.1037/a0017540

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Most important, traditional male role endorsement turned out to be the dominant factor explaining Mexican students' anti-gay attitudes, in contrast to German students'. Similar to what we found for German students, in previous research based in England and the United States, gender beliefs emerged as one among several factors explaining anti-gay attitudes (e.g., Davies, 2004;Keiller, 2010;Thompson et al, 1985). Similar to what we found for Mexican students are results from previous samples comparable in certain respects.…”

Section: The Importance Of Gender-role Endorsement For Anti-gay Attitsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…When maleness is questioned or threatened, one way for heterosexual men to restore it is to display anti-gay aggression (Falomir-Pichastor & Mugny, 2009;Talley & Bettencourt, 2008). Heterosexual men's and women's male role endorsement is strongly related to anti-gay attitudes (e.g., Davies, 2004;Keiller, 2010;Thompson et al, 1985; also see Kimmel, 1994). In sum, within the theory of gender belief systems, because gay men and lesbians are perceived as transgressing gender roles, anti-gay attitudes are explained by gender-role endorsement, in particular concerning the male role.…”

Section: Social-cultural Correlates Of Anti-gay Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Weights in a similar order of magnitude were detected in the Mexican sample when male role endorsement was omitted from the analyses. Future research should disentangle which are the specific aspects of male role endorsement that predict Mexican students' negative attitudes toward lesbians and gay men (Keiller, 2010 We had hypothesized that, because gay men and lesbians are perceived as transgressing gender roles, anti-gay attitudes are related to gender-role endorsement. Our findings corroborate that relationship for male role endorsement-even among women, and even with attitudes toward lesbians.…”

Section: The Importance Of Gender-role Endorsement For Anti-gay Attitmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Male Role Endorsement Explains Negative Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Among Students in Mexico More Than in Germany

Steffens

Jonas

Denger

2014

The Journal of Sex Research

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Anti-gay attitudes vary across cultures because the larger social context plays a role in attitude formation. Psychological correlates of these attitudes have been investigated in the United States and Europe. Endorsement of traditional gender roles has emerged from that research as a central correlate, next to religiosity and personal contact with lesbians/gay men. In a cross-sectional study, we tested whether these correlates are relevant in Mexico, characterized as an androcentric culture in which both gender-role traditionalism and religiosity are high, using a college-age student sample (N = 63). Because we relied on self-reports, the motivation to appear nonprejudiced was also assessed. We found typical gender differences in attitudes toward gay men. In bivariate tests, anti-gay attitudes were related to male role endorsement, contact with lesbians/gay men, and religiosity. In a multivariate analysis, variance in attitudes was explained by male role endorsement; personal contact or religiosity did not explain additional variance. In a German comparison sample (N = 112), male role endorsement played a smaller role. Variance in anti-gay attitudes in the German sample was also related to personal contact, religiosity, and the motivation to appear nonprejudiced. We discuss the centrality of (male) gender-role endorsement in cultures with high gender-role traditionalism.

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Section: The Importance Of Gender-role Endorsement For Anti-gay Attitsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Social-cultural Correlates Of Anti-gay Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The Importance Of Gender-role Endorsement For Anti-gay Attitmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Male Role Endorsement Explains Negative Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Among Students in Mexico More Than in Germany

Steffens

Jonas

Denger

2014

The Journal of Sex Research

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“…Although there is likely to be some interaction with how one looks, if forced to choose, behavior seems to take precedence in judging gay men (Keiller, 2010). This would seem to support the idea that no matter how much of a façade a gay man tries to create (through muscularity, body art, facial hair, clothing, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“Straight-Acting Gays”: The Relationship Between Masculine Consciousness, Anti-Effeminacy, and Negative Gay Identity

2012

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Some gay men are preoccupied with traditional notions of masculinity and express negative feelings towards effeminate behavior in gay men. Various scholars have speculated that such attitudes by gay men reflect internalized negative feelings about being gay. Thus, we sought to assess the importance of masculinity among gay men, to compare their ideal versus perceived masculinity-femininity, to ask how gay men assess masculinity, and to test whether masculine consciousness and anti-effeminacy could predict negative feelings about being gay. Results from an online survey of 751 gay men in the United States (MAge=32.64 years, SD=11.94) showed that the majority rated masculinity for themselves and in a same-sex partner as important, and they ideally wished that their behavior was more masculine (Cohen's d=.42) and less feminine (d=.42) than they perceived it to be. Furthermore, one's behavior was more important than how one looks when assessing masculinity. A multiple regression analysis showed that the degree to which they were preoccupied with masculinity and expressed anti-effeminacy accounted for 30% of the variance in negative feelings about being gay. These finding further support the idea that masculinity is an important construct for gay men and that masculine consciousness and anti-effeminacy are related to negative feelings about being gay.

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“…For example, men who endorse characteristics or beliefs that conform to cultural expectations of masculinity expressed in such traits as toughness and antifemininity, are more likely to endorse sexual prejudice against gay men (Barron et al 2008, Baunach et al 2010, Herek & McLemore, 2013Keiller, 2010, Meaney & Rye, 2010, Parrott, Adams, & Zeichner, 2002, than those who do not.…”

Section: Interpersonal Contact With Glb Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes toward gay and lesbian individuals in Russia: An exploration of the interpersonal contact hypothesis and personality factor

Horne¹,

Maroney²,

Zagryazhskaya³

et al. 2017

Psych. Rus.

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Background. Negative attitudes toward Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual people in Russia are common, and may have become more prevalent due to recent policy changes.objective. This study explored whether interpersonal contact and personality characteristics predicted Hateful Attitudes Toward GLB people and Endorsement of GLB Rights.design. The design of the study included 154 heterosexual undergraduate students in Moscow and Volgodonsk who were surveyed about their attitudes toward GLB people as well as their personality characteristics assessed with the NEO-FFI.Results. Results suggested that Moscow students held less hateful attitudes and endorsed greater GLB Rights than Volgodonsk students. Women were also more favorable toward GLB Rights than men. In terms of Hateful Attitudes, having GLB friends or acquaintances was a negative predictor of Hateful Attitudes, while neuroticism and conscientiousness were positive predictors. In conclusion, living in a large urban area, knowing GLB individuals, and low levels of neuroticism and conscientiousness appear to be associated with positive attitudes toward GLB people in Russia, however, personality characteristics and knowing GLB people did not appear to relate to endorsement of GLB Civil Rights.conclusion. Current sociopolitical policies such as the propaganda ban, and historical censure of GLB rights during the Soviet era, may impact how "out" GLB Russian people can be, particularly outside of large urban centers, and may reinforce general lack of support for GLB Civil Rights in the Russian population.

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Masculine norms as correlates of heterosexual men’s attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women.

Cited by 65 publications

References 52 publications

Male Role Endorsement Explains Negative Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Among Students in Mexico More Than in Germany

Male Role Endorsement Explains Negative Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Among Students in Mexico More Than in Germany

“Straight-Acting Gays”: The Relationship Between Masculine Consciousness, Anti-Effeminacy, and Negative Gay Identity

Attitudes toward gay and lesbian individuals in Russia: An exploration of the interpersonal contact hypothesis and personality factor

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