The interaction of the trans (t) and cis (c) rotamers of the 1-naphthol cation (1-C 10 H 8 O 1 ¼ 1-Np 1 ¼ 1-hydroxynaphthalene 1 ) with nonpolar ligands in the ground electronic state is characterized by IR photodissociation spectra of isolated 1-Np 1 -L n complexes (L ¼ Ar/N 2 ) and density functional calculations at the UB3LYP/6-311G(2df,2pd) level. Size-dependent frequency shifts of the O-H stretch vibration (Dn 1 ) and photofragmentation branching ratios provide information about the stepwise microsolvation of both 1-Np 1 rotamers in a nonpolar hydrophobic environment, including the formation of structural isomers, the competition between H-bonding and p-bonding, the estimation of ligand binding energies, and the acidity of t/c-1-Np 1 . t-1-Np 1 is predicted to be more stable than c-1-Np 1 by 9 kJ mol À1 , with an isomerization barrier of 38 kJ mol À1 . The OH group in t-1-Np 1 is slightly more acidic than in c-1-Np 1 leading to stronger intermolecular H-bonds. Both 1-Np 1 rotamers are considerably less acidic than the phenol cation because of enhanced charge delocalization. The 1-Np 1 ÀAr spectrum displays n 1 bands of the more stable H-bound and the less stable p-bound t-1-Np 1 -Ar isomers. Only the more stable H-bound dimers are identified for t/c-1-Np 1 -L 2 . Analysis of the Dn 1 shifts of the H-bound dimers yields a first experimental estimate for the proton affinity of the t-1-naphthoxy radical (B908 AE 30 kJ mol À1 ). The Dn 1 shifts of 1-Np 1 -L n (n r 2 for Ar, n r 5 for N 2 ) suggest that the preferred microsolvation path begins with the formation of H-bound 1-Np 1 -L, which is further solvated by (nÀ1) p-bound ligands. Ionization of 1-NpÀL n drastically changes the topology of the intermolecular interaction potential and thus the preferred aromatic substrate-nonpolar ligand recognition pattern.