Mass determinations of the three mini-Neptunes transiting TOI-125

Nielsen, L. D.; Gandolfi, D.; Armstrong, David J.; Jenkins, James S.; Fridlund, M.; Santos, N. C.; Dai, Fei; Adibekyan, V.; Luque, R.; Steffen, Jason H.; Esposito, M.; Meru, Farzana; Sabotta, S.; Bolmont, Émeline; Kossakowski, D.; Otegi, J. F.; Murgas, F.; Stalport, M.; Rodler, F.; Díaz, Matías R.; Kurtovic, Nicolás T.; Ricker, G.; Vanderspek, R.; Latham, David W.; Seager, Sara; Winn, Joshua N.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Allart, R.; Almenara, J. M.; Barrado, D.; Barros, S. C. C.; Bayliss, Daniel; Berdiñas, Z. M.; Boisse, I.; Bouchy, F.; Boyd, Patricia T.; Brown, D. J. A.; Bryant, Edward M.; Burke, Christopher J.; Cochran, William D.; Cooke, Benjamin F.; Demangeon, O.; Díaz, R. F.; Dittman, Jason A.; Dorn, Caroline; Dumusque, X.; García, Rafael A.; González-Cuesta, L.; Grziwa, S.; Georgieva, Iskra; Guerrero, Natalia; Hatzes, A. P.; Helled, Ravit; Henze, Christopher E.; Hojjatpanah, S.; Korth, J.; Lam, K. W. F.; Lillo-Box, J.; Lopez, T.; Livingston, John H.; Mathur, S.; Mousis, O.; Narita, Norio; Osborn, H.; Πάλλη, Ε.; Rojas, Pablo A. Peña; Persson, C. M.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Rauer, H.; Redfield, Seth; Santerne, A.; Santos, Leonardo A. dos; Seidel, J. V.; Sousa, S. G.; Ting, Eric B.; Turbet, Martin; Udry, S.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Eylen, Vincent Van; Vines, José I.; Wheatley, P. J.; Wilson, Paul

doi:10.1093/mnras/staa197

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…The TOI-125 system is a good example of this. TOI-125 has three confirmed planets and one additional planet candidate, and the innermost planet candidate is misaligned by about 14°compared to the other planets (Quinn et al 2019;Nielsen et al 2020). For K2-266, TOI-125, and other yet-undiscovered systems with similar geometries, the inclination structure seen in the planetary system leaves a clue as to its past evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A General Origin for Multiplanetary Systems With Significantly Misaligned USP Planets

Brefka

Becker

2021

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Ultra-short-period (USP) planets are exoplanets that have orbital periods of less than one day and are unique because they orbit inside the nominal magnetic truncation gap of their host stars. In some cases, USP planets have also been observed to exhibit unique dynamical parameters such as significant misalignments in inclination angle with respect to nearby planets. In this paper, we explore how the geometry of a multiplanet system hosting a USP planet can be expected to evolve as a star ages. In particular, we explore the relationship between the mutual inclination of the USP planet and the quadrupole moment (J 2) of the host star. We use secular perturbation theory to predict the past evolution of the example TOI-125 system, and then confirm the validity of our results using long-term N-body simulations. Through investigating how the misalignment between the candidate USP planet and the three other short-period planets in the TOI-125 system arose, we intend to derive a better understanding of the population of systems with misaligned USP planets and how their observed parameters can be explained in the context of their dynamical histories.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A General Origin for Multiplanetary Systems With Significantly Misaligned USP Planets

Brefka

Becker

2021

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“…At present, the number of known exoplanets has passed 4,300 (https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/) (Akeson et al., 2013). The current exoplanet inventory contains planets of types vastly different to those in the Solar System, such as super‐Earths (Bonfils et al., 2013; Howard et al., 2010; Léger et al., 2009; Valencia, Sasselov, et al., 2007), mini‐Neptunes (R. Barnes et al., 2009; Lopez & Fortney, 2014; L. D. Nielsen et al., 2020), and hot Jupiters (Fortney et al., 2008; Mayor & Queloz, 1995; Wright et al., 2012). Furthermore, notable demographic trends have been detected, such as the deficit in planets with radii between 1.5 and 2.0 Earth radii with orbital periods less than 100 days (e.g., Berger et al., 2020; Fulton & Petigura, 2018; Fulton et al., 2017; Van Eylen et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, the number of known exoplanets has passed 4,300 (https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/) (Akeson et al, 2013). The current exoplanet inventory contains planets of types vastly different to those in the Solar System, such as super-Earths (Bonfils et al, 2013;Howard et al, 2010;Léger et al, 2009;, mini-Neptunes (R. Barnes et al, 2009;Lopez & Fortney, 2014;L. D. Nielsen et al, 2020), and hot Jupiters (Fortney et al, 2008;Mayor & Queloz, 1995;Wright et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Fundamental Connections between the Solar System and Exoplanetary Science

et al. 2021

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Underpinning planetary science is a deep history of observation, and more recently, planetary exploration within the Solar System, from which models of planetary processes have been constructed (e.g., de Pater & Lissauer, 2015; Horner, Kane, et al., 2020, and references therein). Indeed, planetary science as a discipline has greatly benefited from the robotic exploration of the Solar System over the past 60 years. From the early 1960s onwards, we began to explore beyond the Earth-Moon system, with flybys of Venus and Mars (e.g.,

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“…Over the course of its 2 yr primary mission, which came to an end in July 2020, over 2000 TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) were released, and there have been many discoveries that contribute to fulfilling its Level-1 mission goal to measure the masses and radii of at least 50 planets with radii smaller than 4 R ⊕ (e.g. Huang et al 2018;Gandolfi et al 2018;Cloutier et al 2019;Dragomir et al 2019;Dumusque et al 2019;Luque et al 2019;Díaz et al 2020;Armstrong et al 2020;Astudillo-Defru et al 2020;Cloutier et al 2020a,b;Nielsen et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-431/HIP 26013: a super-Earth and a sub-Neptune transiting a bright, early K dwarf, with a third RV planet

Osborn

Armstrong

Cale

et al. 2021

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present the bright (Vmag = 9.12), multiplanet system TOI-431, characterized with photometry and radial velocities (RVs). We estimate the stellar rotation period to be 30.5 ± 0.7 d using archival photometry and RVs. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) objects of Interest (TOI)-431 b is a super-Earth with a period of 0.49 d, a radius of 1.28 ± 0.04 R⊕, a mass of 3.07 ± 0.35 M⊕, and a density of 8.0 ± 1.0 g cm−3; TOI-431 d is a sub-Neptune with a period of 12.46 d, a radius of 3.29 ± 0.09 R⊕, a mass of $9.90^{+1.53}_{-1.49}$ M⊕, and a density of 1.36 ± 0.25 g cm−3. We find a third planet, TOI-431 c, in the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher RV data, but it is not seen to transit in the TESS light curves. It has an Msin i of $2.83^{+0.41}_{-0.34}$ M⊕, and a period of 4.85 d. TOI-431 d likely has an extended atmosphere and is one of the most well-suited TESS discoveries for atmospheric characterization, while the super-Earth TOI-431 b may be a stripped core. These planets straddle the radius gap, presenting an interesting case-study for atmospheric evolution, and TOI-431 b is a prime TESS discovery for the study of rocky planet phase curves.

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Mass determinations of the three mini-Neptunes transiting TOI-125

Cited by 37 publications

References 119 publications

A General Origin for Multiplanetary Systems With Significantly Misaligned USP Planets

A General Origin for Multiplanetary Systems With Significantly Misaligned USP Planets

The Fundamental Connections between the Solar System and Exoplanetary Science

TOI-431/HIP 26013: a super-Earth and a sub-Neptune transiting a bright, early K dwarf, with a third RV planet

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