Mass Medications: Prophylaxis and Metaphylaxis, Cascade and Off-label Use, Treatment Guidelines and Antimicrobial Stewardship

Baptiste, Keith E.; Pokludová, Lucie

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46721-0_7

Antimicrobials in Livestock 1: Regulation, Science, Practice 2020

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-46721-0_7

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Mass Medications: Prophylaxis and Metaphylaxis, Cascade and Off-label Use, Treatment Guidelines and Antimicrobial Stewardship

Keith E. Baptiste

Lucie Pokludová

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

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Determination of knowledge levels and attitudes of clinician veterinarians working in Thrace region towards antibiotic use

Arslan,

Ural,

Özdemir

2024

Vet Mex OA

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global problem due to widespread antimicrobial use in human and veterinary medicine. AMR affects health systems by leading to prolonged and severe illnesses, high mortality rates, and treatment failures caused by resistant microorganisms. As antibiotics are the most widely used drugs in veterinary medicine, veterinarians' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use are crucial in combating AMR. In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire of 20 questions was administered to clinician veterinarians and members of the Trakya Chamber of Veterinarians and 60 participants answered the questionnaire. In the current survey, 98 % of veterinarians agree that AMR is an important public health problem and emphasize that focusing on rational antibiotic use in veterinary medicine is a critical area to slow the development of AMR. Only 10 % of the respondents stated that they take into account antibiotic requests from patient owners, 68.3 % stated that they rarely use off-label drugs and 16.7 % stated that they often use them. Of those respondents, 16.7 % stated that they routinely perform antibiograms. Regarding education, 41.7 % of veterinarians had received training on rational antibiotic use. When asked about their preferred type of training, 56.7 % favored online training, while 35 % preferred face-to-face sessions. The results indicate that veterinarians play a significant role in combating AMR and that more awareness and education are needed in this field.

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Determination of knowledge levels and attitudes of clinician veterinarians working in Thrace region towards antibiotic use

Arslan,

Ural,

Özdemir

2024

Vet Mex OA

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Macrolide resistance in Mannheimia haemolytica isolates associated with bovine respiratory disease from the German national resistance monitoring program GERM-Vet 2009 to 2020

Kostova,

Hanke,

Kaspar

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Data collected from the German national resistance monitoring program GERM-Vet showed slowly increasing prevalence of macrolide resistance among bovine respiratory disease (BRD)-associated Pasteurellacae from cattle over the last decade. The focus of this study was to analyze the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the prevalence of multidrug-resistance (MDR)-mediating integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) in 13 German BRD-associated Mannheimia haemolytica isolates collected between 2009 and 2020 via whole-genome sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed via broth microdilution according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute for the macrolides erythromycin, tilmicosin, tulathromycin, gamithromycin, tildipirosin, and tylosin as well as 25 other antimicrobial agents. All isolates either had elevated MICs or were resistant to at least one of the macrolides tested. Analysis of whole-genome sequences obtained by hybrid assembly of Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION reads revealed the presence of seven novel Tn7406-like ICEs, designated Tn7694, and Tn7724- Tn7729. These ICEs harbored the antimicrobial resistance genes erm(T), mef (C), mph(G), floR, catA3, aad(3“)(9), aph(3‘)-Ia, aac(3)-IIa, strA, strB, tet(Y), and sul2 in different combinations. In addition, mutational changes conferring resistance to macrolides, nalidixic acid or streptomycin, respectively, were detected among the M. haemolytica isolates. In addition, four isolates carried a 4,613-bp plasmid with the β-lactamase gene blaROB − 1. The detection of the macrolide resistance genes erm(T), mef (C), and mph(G) together with other resistance genes on MDR-mediating ICEs in bovine M. haemolytica may explain the occurrence of therapeutic failure when treating BRD with regularly used antimicrobial agents, such as phenicols, penicillins, tetracyclines, or macrolides. Finally, pathogen identification and subsequent AST is essential to ensure the efficacy of the antimicrobial agents applied to control BRD in cattle.

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Natural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance: The Role of Essential Oils in Poultry Meat Preservation with Focus on Gram-Negative Bacteria

Kovačević,

Čabarkapa,

Šarić

et al. 2024

Foods

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The increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health problem with implications on human and veterinary medicine, as well as food production. In the poultry industry, the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials has led to the development of resistant or multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp., which pose a serious risk to meat safety and public health. The genetic transfer of resistance elements between poultry MDR bacteria and human pathogens further exacerbates the AMR crisis and highlights the urgent need for action. Traditional methods of preserving poultry meat, often based on synthetic chemicals, are increasingly being questioned due to their potential impact on human health and the environment. This situation has led to a shift towards natural, sustainable alternatives, such as plant-derived compounds, for meat preservation. Essential oils (EOs) have emerged as promising natural preservatives in the poultry meat industry offering a potential solution to the growing AMR problem by possessing inherent antimicrobial properties making them effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Their use in the preservation of poultry meat not only extends shelf life, but also reduces reliance on synthetic preservatives and antibiotics, which contribute significantly to AMR. The unique chemical composition of EOs, that contains a large number of different active compounds, minimizes the risk of bacteria developing resistance. Recent advances in nano-encapsulation technology have further improved the stability, bioavailability and efficacy of EOs, making them more suitable for commercial use. Hence, in this manuscript, the recent literature on the mechanisms of AMR in the most important Gram-negative poultry pathogens and antimicrobial properties of EOs on these meat isolates was reviewed. Additionally, chemical composition, extraction methods of EOs were discussed, as well as future directions of EOs as natural food preservatives. In conclusion, by integrating EOs into poultry meat preservation strategies, the industry can adopt more sustainable and health-conscious practices and ultimately contribute to global efforts to combat AMR.

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Mass Medications: Prophylaxis and Metaphylaxis, Cascade and Off-label Use, Treatment Guidelines and Antimicrobial Stewardship

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Determination of knowledge levels and attitudes of clinician veterinarians working in Thrace region towards antibiotic use

Determination of knowledge levels and attitudes of clinician veterinarians working in Thrace region towards antibiotic use

Macrolide resistance in Mannheimia haemolytica isolates associated with bovine respiratory disease from the German national resistance monitoring program GERM-Vet 2009 to 2020

Natural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance: The Role of Essential Oils in Poultry Meat Preservation with Focus on Gram-Negative Bacteria

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