Mass Production of Entomopathogens in Less Industrialized Countries

Grzywacz, D.; Moore, David; Rabindra, R. J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391453-8.00015-7

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…2009; Grzywacz et al, 2014a) but the relatively high cost of producing BV in living insects 366 compared to their chemical insecticide counterparts remains a constraint as farm prices are 367 difficult to reduce below $20 per ha and scaling up in vivo BV production with its demands for 368 high quality disease-free insects is also a challenge (Reid et al, 2014). The use of automation 369 and mechanization in inoculation, rearing, and harvesting has facilitated mass production and 370 made BV a viable commercial option for the current range and usage scale.…”

Section: Research Issues That Constrain Expansion Of the Use Insect Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect pathogens as biological control agents: Back to the future

Lacey¹,

Grzywacz

Shapiro‐Ilan

et al. 2015

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

1,180

677

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Please cite this article as: Lacey, L.A., Grzywacz, D., Shapiro-Ilan, D.I., Frutos, R., Brownbridge, M., Goettel, M.S., Insect pathogens as biological control agents: back to the future, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology (2015), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jip.2015.07.009 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The development and use of entomopathogens as classical, conservation and augmentative 26 biological control agents have included a number of successes and some setbacks in the past 15 27 years. In this forum paper we present current information on development, use and future 28 directions of insect-specific viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes as components of integrated 29 pest management strategies for control of arthropod pests of crops, forests, urban habitats, and 30 insects of medical and veterinary importance. 31Insect pathogenic viruses are a fruitful source of MCAs, particularly for the control of 32 lepidopteran pests. Most research is focused on the baculoviruses, important pathogens of some 33 globally important pests for which control has become difficult due to either pesticide resistance 34 or pressure to reduce pesticide residues. Baculoviruses are accepted as safe, readily mass 35 produced, highly pathogenic and easily formulated and applied control agents. New baculovirus 36 products are appearing in many countries and gaining an increased market share. However, the 37 absence of a practical in vitro mass production system, generally higher production costs, limited 38 post application persistence, slow rate of kill and high host specificity currently contribute to 39 of Bt toxins, has been conducted over the past two decades. The Bt genes used in insect-resistant 54 transgenic crops belong to the Cry and vegetative insecticidal protein families of toxins. Bt has 55 been highly efficacious in pest management of corn and cotton, drastically reducing the amount 56 of broad spectrum chemical insecticides used while being safe for consumers and non-target 57 organisms. Despite successes, the adoption of Bt crops has not been without controversy. 58

show abstract

Section: Research Issues That Constrain Expansion Of the Use Insect Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect pathogens as biological control agents: Back to the future

Lacey¹,

Grzywacz

Shapiro‐Ilan

et al. 2015

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

1,180

677

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…También, es importante validar los pará-metros de procesos optimizados a escala de laboratorio en una escala mayor (Monzón, 2001;Ravensberg, 2011), con el fin de realizar los ajustes necesarios al proceso que garanticen mantener el rendimiento del proceso. Otros factores importantes para tener en cuenta durante el desarrollo del proceso de producción son: el tipo de mercado al que está dirigido el producto, el tamaño del mercado, el capital disponible para invertir, y la cantidad de recurso humano disponible (Grzywacz et al, 2014). Los métodos de producción desarrollados incluyen desde la multiplicación artesanal, la producción semi-industrial a mediana escala, hasta la producción industrial a gran escala que se realiza en empresas más grandes o compañías, para la cual se requiere de reactivos y equipos más especializados.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Los métodos de producción desarrollados incluyen desde la multiplicación artesanal, la producción semi-industrial a mediana escala, hasta la producción industrial a gran escala que se realiza en empresas más grandes o compañías, para la cual se requiere de reactivos y equipos más especializados. En Latinoamérica mayormente se utiliza el mecanismo de baja tecnología, con alta demanda de mano de obra, y en algunos casos realizado por los mismos productores (Grzywacz et al, 2014;Monzón, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Alternatives for the production of microbial biopesticides based on fungi: the case of Latin America and the Caribbean

Bautista¹,

Mesa²,

Gómez³

2018

Sci.agropecu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

La creciente conciencia del consumidor relacionada con el impacto negativo de los plaguicidas sintéticos sobre el medio ambiente y la salud humana ha aumentado las tasas de adopción de bioplaguicidas a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, actualmente los bioplaguicidas solo representan el 5% del mercado de productos para protección de cultivos, se espera que este segmento siga creciendo con una tasa de crecimiento anual de 15-20% para el 2020. Analistas del mercado consideran que este crecimiento será liderado por regiones como Europa debido a las nuevas legislaciones, y Latinoamérica donde han aparecido plagas más resistentes. Para responder a las necesidades de este creciente mercado, se debe contar con un proceso de producción a gran escala, con buenos rendimiento, y que proporcione un producto de calidad. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo ofrece una revisión crítica sobre aspectos técnicos de los diferentes procesos de fermentación utilizados en la producción de bioplaguicidas microbianos basados en hongos (micoplaguicidas), los sustratos comúnmente utilizados y el potencial uso de residuos agroindustriales. Adicionalmente, ofrece una visión general del panorama de la producción de micoplaguicidas en Latinoamerica y el Caribe, y algunas perspectivas futuras en el proceso de investigación y desarrollo de los mismos.

show abstract

“…To promote the expansion of the use of EPNs as biological control agents, current research focuses on the development of low-cost formulations with: greater storage stability at room temperature, increased resistance during the transportation to the application site, where it dissolves for application in aqueous medium or it is deposited directly on moist soil (Burges, 1998;Grewal, 2000;Grzywacz et al, 2014), effective control of target insect pest and greater persistence in the field (Grewal, 2002;Shapiro-Ilan et al, 2012). The EPN formulation in gelling materials partially satisfies these requirements since it has been designed to provide a hydrophilic environment that prevents or delays the desiccation to increase its survival, especially on foliar surfaces (Navon et al, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The success of EPN infection depends on the storage stability of the formulated product, which is also important for marketing; therefore, there is still scope for increasing that parameter (Navon et al, 2002;Sharma et al, 2011), but keeping it cheap and attending to its ease of use (Grzywacz et al, 2014). Some suggested strategies to improve the alginate formulation are: harden the surface to retain EPNs over an extended period of time (Hiltpold et al, 2012), slow down EPN metabolism before the formulation, probably forcing them into a partial anhidrobiosis through slow desiccation in glycerol, but maintaining the EPN infectiousness, and enhance it once the state dormancy breaks (Hiltpold, 2015;Kary et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Formulated in Sodium Alginate Beads

Ruiz-Vega

Cortés-Martínez

García-Gutiérrez

2018

Journal of Nematology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An alternative control method to the use of chemical insecticides against soil dwelling insect pests is the application of entomopathogenic nematodes formulated in alginate beads for enhanced shelf life. The aim was to compare the benefit on nematode survival and infectivity of: (i) pre-conditioning of juveniles, and (ii) coating of alginate beads. The nematodes Steinernema glaseri, Steinernema carpocapsae, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora were reproduced in last instar larvae of the wax moth Galleria mellonella and the infective juveniles emerged were subjected to two capture treatments: white traps and plaster of Paris, the latter was utilized as a pre-conditioning treatment. A total of 1,000 infective juveniles were formulated in each sodium alginate bead with or without an alginate coating. The beads were stored at 23 ± 3°C and a bidistilled water suspension of nematodes was set as a control. The survivorship of these formulates and their infectivity on Galleria mellonella larvae were evaluated every 7 d post-formulation (dpf). In beads without pre-conditioning juveniles nor coating, Steinernema carpocapsae had the higher survival rate (58.8%), the longest survival time (28 dpf) and the higher infectivity (100%) as well. Pre-conditioning improved the survival and infectivity of Steinernema glaseri by 22.5% at 21 dpf and 70.0% at 14 dpf, respectively. Alginate coating increased survival (21.7%) and infectivity (95%) of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora for up to 28 dpf. The combination of pre-conditioning and coating slightly favored the survival (10% for up to 14 dpf) of Steinernema glaseri and infectivity (100% for up to 35 dpf) of Steinernema carpocapsae. Non pre-conditioned Steinernema carpocapsae formulated in uncoated beads was the combination with better performance in survivorship (58.8%) and infectivity (100%) at 28 dpf. It was concluded that non pre-conditioned Steinernema carpocapsae formulated in uncoated beads was the combination with better survivorship and infectivity.

show abstract

Mass Production of Entomopathogens in Less Industrialized Countries

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Insect pathogens as biological control agents: Back to the future

Insect pathogens as biological control agents: Back to the future

Alternatives for the production of microbial biopesticides based on fungi: the case of Latin America and the Caribbean

Survival and Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Formulated in Sodium Alginate Beads

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About