Mass Production of Gain-of-Function Mutants of Hair Roots in Ginseng

In vitro induction of hairy root from isoflavones-producing Korean wild arrowroot Pueraria lobata

“…For the investigation of effects of IBA and light on hairy root induction, 12 infected stem explants of each line were incubated at different conditions: 1) continuous dark with 0.5 mg/L IBA in the medium, 2) continuous dark without IBA in the medium, 3) 16/8 hours light/dark with 0.5 mg/L IBA in the medium and 4) 16/8 hours light/ dark without IBA in the medium as each condition was applied to induce or culture hairy roots in Pueraria species (Thiem 2003;Reppert et al 2008;Rathore and Shekhawat 2009;Udomsuk et al 2011) and other plant species (Ko et al 2007;Ono et al 2012;Swain et al 2012). The data on hairy root induction scored six weeks after initial incubation were used for statistical analysis.…”

“…Successive experiment for the induction of secondary roots resulted that the continuous dark condition was much better than the 16 hours light and 8 hours dark condition (Table 2) and average numbers of the secondary roots were 32.5 and 14.6, respectively. In most cases of experiments for hairy root induction, the infected explants were transferred to fresh medium with reduced antibiotics and without plant hormones every two or three weeks and routinely incubated at the dark condition or under continuous light for 16 hours (Crane et al 2006;Ko et al 2007;Prasain et al 2007;Kim et al 2010;Udomsuk et al 2011). However, the effects of auxin-type hormones and light conditions were not investigated for the initial induction of hairy roots from P. lobata.…”

“…Thiem (2003) reported that IAA is clearly more effective in promoting root induction from the regenerated shoots than NAA or IBA and Reppert et al (2008) used NAA for root suspension culture. However, IBA has commonly been used in several plant species and was identified as the best auxin-type hormone for root induction and root growth (Verma et al 2002;Ko et al 2007;Rathore et al 2009;Swain et al 2012;Uddin et al 2012).…”

“…Pueraria phaseoloides (Shi and Kintzios 2003), Medicago truncatula (Limpens et al 2004;Crane et al 2006), Eritrichium sericeum and Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Bulgakov et al 2005), Panax ginseng (Ko et al 2007) etc. In this study, stem explants of two different lines of P. lobata were infected with the A. rhizogenes strain KTCT2744.…”

“…Hwang (2006) also reported that hairy roots obtained through the transformation of higher plants using Agrobacterium rhizogenes produced various higher amounts of secondary metabolites than normal fieldgrown plants did. This technology has successfully been applied to other plant species (Bonhomme et al 2000;Villalobos-Amador et al 2002;Limpens et al 2004;Bulgakov et al 2005;Crane et al 2006;Ko et al 2007). The technology in which plant tissue culture is combined with hairy root induction has not been developed for P. lobata, especially Korean wild arrowroot although it has advantages for the production of secondary metabolites.…”