Mass Renormalization by Instantons and the Strong<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>CP</mml:mi></mml:math>Problem

Choi, Kiwoon; Kim, C. W.; Sze, Wah-Keung

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.794

Cited by 105 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Donoghue and Wyler [42] have taken a somewhat different path to get a handle on the second order corrections to the quark mass ratios. They were inspired by the instanton gas calculation of Choi et al [51]. In that calculation, in which an originally massless up quark travels through the instanton gas, it acquires an effective mass, (3.15) due to quantum effects ('t Hooft's six-fermion term which has been shown to be of utmost importance in understanding the problem of flavor mixing in theories with quark degrees of freedom [56]).…”

Section: Next-to-leading Order Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent developments in chiral perturbation theory

1993

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I review recent developments in chiral perturbation theory (CHPT) which is the effective field theory of the standard model below the chiral symmetry breaking scale. The effective chiral Lagrangian formulated in terms of the pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons (π, K, η) is briefly discussed. It is shown how one can gain insight into the ratios of the light quark masses and to what extent these statements are modelindependent. A few selected topics concerning the dynamics and interactions of the Goldstone bosons are considered. These are ππ and πK scattering, some non-leptonic kaon decays and the problem of strong pionic final state interactions. CHPT also allows to make precise statements about the temperature dependence of QCD Green functions and the finite size effects related to the propagation of the (almost) massless pseudoscalar mesons. A central topic is the inclusion of matter fields, baryon CHPT. The relativistic and the heavy fermion formulation of coupling the baryons to the Goldstone fields are discussed. As applications, photo-nucleon processes, the πN Σ-term and non-leptonic hyperon decays are presented. Implications of the spontaneously broken chiral symmetry on the nuclear forces and meson exchange currents are also described. Finally, the use of effective field theory methods in the strongly coupled Higgs sector and in the calculation of oblique electroweak corrections is touched upon.

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Section: Next-to-leading Order Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, one can choose m u = 0 which is favored in connection with the strong CPproblem [50] (see also the instanton gas calculation reported in ref. [51]). However, there are strong phenomenological constraints on the low-energy constants.…”

Section: Next-to-leading Order Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in chiral perturbation theory

1993

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“…Based on this observation, it was stated in ref. [3] that the normal CP conserving strong interactions which are described by…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In particular, it was pointed out that the determination of m u /m d suffers from a large uncertainty due to the instanton-induced mass renormalization [1,3]: Recently it was argued that the above mentioned difficulty can be overcome by noting that the instanton-induced mass M I is distinguished from the bare mass M through its θ-dependence where θ denotes the CP violating QCD vacuum angle [6]. If one keeps the θ-dependence explicitly, M I always appears with the phase e iθ due to the winding number of instantons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Light quark masses and quarkonium decays

Choi

1992

Physics Letters B

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After discussing the intrinsic ambiguity in determining the light quark mass ratio m u /m d , we reexamine the recent proposal that this ambiguity can be resolved by applying the QCD multipole expansion for the heavy quarkonium decays. It is observed that, due to instanton effects, some matrix elements which have been ignored in previous works can give a significant contribution to the decay amplitudes, which results in a large uncertainty in the value of m u /m d deduced from quarkonium phenomenology. This uncertainty can be resolved only by a QCD calculation of some second order coefficients in the chiral expansion of the decay amplitudes.

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“…It was known from the very early days of theθ vacuum that a massless up quark solves the strong CP problem. The current debate [11,12,13,14] on the massless up quark solution is a phenomenological one. The famous up/down ratio Z = m u /m d = 5 9 [15] seems to rule out the m u = 0 possibility.…”

Section: Massless Up Quarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

QCD Axion and Quintessential Axion

Kim

2004

Beyond the Desert 2003

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Abstract. The axion solution of the strong CP problem is reviewed together with the other strong CP solutions. We also point out the quintessential axion(quintaxion) whose potential can be extremely flat due to the tiny ratio of the hidden sector quark mass and the intermediate hidden sector scale. The quintaxion candidates are supposed to be the string theory axions, the model independent or the model dependent axions. The Strong CP ProblemAt this conference, the organizer asked to review on the axion [1] as the CDM candidate [2]. Therefore, I will review the QCD axion and the related problem, the strong CP problem. With supersymmetrization, an O(GeV) axino can be a CDM candidate also [3] in addition to the axion CDM, but we will not discuss this interesting class of CDM candidate here. It was reviewed in another DM conference [4]. Out of several CDM candidates, the axion is most attractive since it arises from the need to solve the strong CP problem. One crucial difference of the axion CDM from most other CDM candidates is that the axion is a classical field oscillation [2] while many other CDM candidates rely on their heavy particle nature. The classical axion potential is extremely flat as shown in Fig. 1. The axion value a stays at some point(the bullet) for a long time before it starts to oscillates, which occurs at T ≃ 1 GeV when the Hubble time 1/H becomes larger than the oscillation period m a .◮ < a >

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Mass Renormalization by Instantons and the StrongCPProblem

Cited by 105 publications

References 19 publications

Recent developments in chiral perturbation theory

Recent developments in chiral perturbation theory

Light quark masses and quarkonium decays

QCD Axion and Quintessential Axion

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