Mass spectra of synthesized mixed bromochloroacetic acids

Xie, Yuefeng F.; Rajan, R. V.; Reckhow, David A.

doi:10.1002/oms.1210270708

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The mass spectra were obtained in the electron impact (El) mode at a 200 °C ion source temperature and an electron energy of 70 eV while scanning over a mass range of 30-400 amu. Other GC/MS operating conditions were similar to those reported in a previous study (22).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 59%

Formation of Halogenated Artifacts In Brominated, Chloraminated, and Chlorinated Solvents

Xie¹,

Reckhow²

1994

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 59%

Formation of Halogenated Artifacts In Brominated, Chloraminated, and Chlorinated Solvents

Xie¹,

Reckhow²

1994

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Only five regulated HAAs—monochloroacetic acid (ClAA), dichloroacetic acid (Cl 2 AA), trichloroacetic acid (Cl 3 AA), monobromoacetic acid (BrAA), and dibromoacetic acid (Br 2 AA)—were included in the method. In recent years, reports on the formation of four other HAAs (Cowman & Singer, 1996; Xie et al, 1992)—bromochloroacetic acid (BrClAA), bromodichloroacetic acid (BrCl 2 AA), chlorodibromoacetic acid (ClBr 2 AA), and tribromoacetic acid (Br 3 AA)—have caused concern about their occurrence in drinking water. In 1995, a liquid–liquid microextraction, acidic methanol methylation, and GC– ECD procedure for all nine HAAs and 2,2‐dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) was developed and published as USEPA method 552.2 (USEPA, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic Methanol Methylation for HAA Analysis: Limitations and Possible Solutions

Xie¹,

Rashid²,

Zhou³

et al. 2002

Journal AWWA

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Acidic methanol methylation is a common derivatization process for haloacetic acid (HAA) analysis. The Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg and EPCOR Water Services in Edmonton, Alta., conducted a study on acidic methanol methylation for HAAs. Using the current methylation conditions (US Environmental Protection Agency method 552.2), the authors observed incomplete methylation of HAAs, especially for trihaloacetic acids, which could significantly affect the accuracy of these HAA analytical results. The effects of methylation time, methylation temperature, volume of acidic methanol, and composition of acidic methanol on methylation efficiency were studied. This research suggests that acidic methanol methylation efficiency could be improved by increasing the volume of acidic methanol, methylation temperature, methylation time, or all three. The authors also investigated other common analytical problems associated with acidic methanol methylation. Additional studies are suggested to further optimize the acidic methanol methylation procedure for HAA analysis.

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“…BCAA monitoring is required under the Information Collection Rule 7 . A number of studies have reported on the qualitative or quantitative analyses of HAAs 8 – 11 …”

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confidence: 99%

Analyzing HAAs and ketoacids without diazomethane

Xie¹,

Reckhow²,

Springborg³

1998

Journal AWWA

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New methods accurately analyze HAAs and some ketoacids using an alternative methylating agent in place of the carcinogen diazomethane. Currently available methods for analyzing haloacetic acids (HAAs) and ketoacids in water generally require the use of diazomethane for sample derivatization. This article proposes methods based on a less toxic, alternative methylating agent. The reagent in both cases is acidic methanol. Side‐by‐side comparison of the proposed method for HAA analysis and method 6251B showed no significant difference. These two methods were also found to give similar method detection limits and spike recoveries. The new O‐(2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorobenzyl)‐hydroxylamine (PFBHA)‐acidic methanol derivatization analytical method for two ketoacids—glyoxylic acid and pyruvic acid—was found to be comparable to the method using PFBHA‐diazomethane. Additional study is needed to improve methylation efficiency for ketomalonic acid. Work is also needed to further test the proposed HAA method with monochloroacetic acid and brominated haloacetic acids.

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Mass spectra of synthesized mixed bromochloroacetic acids

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Formation of Halogenated Artifacts In Brominated, Chloraminated, and Chlorinated Solvents

Formation of Halogenated Artifacts In Brominated, Chloraminated, and Chlorinated Solvents

Acidic Methanol Methylation for HAA Analysis: Limitations and Possible Solutions

Analyzing HAAs and ketoacids without diazomethane

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