Mass Spectrometer Analysis of Some Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixtures

Brown, RA; Taylor, R. C.; Melpolder, F. W.; Young, William G.

doi:10.1021/ac60013a002

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The early application of mass spectrometry to fuels and lubricants began in the early 1940s using electron impact ionization [10]. These studies were complicated by the complexity of the mixture and also the extensive fragmentation caused by 70 ev electron impact [11,12].…”

Section: Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Mass Spectrometric Techniques to the Analysis of Fuels and Lubricants

Johnson¹

2017

Mass Spectrometry

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The application of mass spectrometric techniques for the analysis of the complex mixtures inherent in fuel and lubricant samples will be examined. These samples because they are naturally complex mixtures, typically requires either very high resolution mass spectrometry or one of the hyphenated techniques gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Some fuel problems that can be addressed through mass spectrometry are associated with the changes in composition and degradation of fuels as they age, including the analysis of both major hydrocarbon components non-polar components and minor polar components will be described. The properties and composition of natural and major classes of synthetic lubricants, the presence of additives and the problems that develop as the lubricant is used such as additive depletion, thermal and oxidative degradation and lubricant contamination have also been examined using mass spectrometric techniques.

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Section: Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Mass Spectrometric Techniques to the Analysis of Fuels and Lubricants

Johnson¹

2017

Mass Spectrometry

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“…7,8 Low-resolution mass spectrometry (LRMS) methods, developed prior to the development of modern chromatographic methods, successfully allowed for the analysis of hydrocarbon compound types in gasoline, 9 lower distillate boiling ranges, 10 gas oil and higher distillate boiling ranges. [11][12][13][14][15][16] The methods provide quantitative information (i.e., relative amounts normalized to a total of 100%) about groups of chemical compounds summarized according to the degree of hydrogen deficiency, as reflected by the Z number (Z = 2, 0, À2, ,…) in the general formula for hydrocarbons C n H 2nZ .…”

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confidence: 99%

Exhaustive determination of hydrocarbon compound type distributions by high resolution mass spectrometry

Roussis

1999

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

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The need to obtain detailed chemical information about heavy petroleum fractions, where the usefulness of chromatographic separation techniques is limited, has been addressed by using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). A magnetic sector mass spectrometer was used for the experiments. The instrument meets the mass and dynamic range criteria for the analysis of compounds in complex hydrocarbon fractions, but not the resolving power needs for the separation of overlapping mass doublets. A simple and fast method has been developed that permits the calculation of the relative amounts of the ion species in overlapping mass doublets by consideration of the unresolved peak abundance and the difference between the theoretical and measured masses. The exhaustive determination of hydrocarbon compound type distributions is achieved by the sequential comparison of the theoretical masses of compounds with a given formula against those measured in the mass spectrum.

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“…A very extensive collection of hydrocarbon mass spectra is available [102], and fairly detailed discussion of aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons and their type analysis in petroleum fractions can be found in the older literature [103][104][105][106]. For a review of the mechanistic aspects of hydrocarbon mass spectrometry the volume of BUDZIKIEWICZ et al [3] should be consulted.…”

Section: A Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%