Mass spectrometric identification of covalently bound cell wall proteins from the fission yeast <i>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</i>

Groot, Piet W. J. de; Yin, Qing; Weig, Michael; Sosinska, Grazyna J.; Klis, Frans M.; Koster, Chris G. de

doi:10.1002/yea.1443

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…A few cell wall proteins are covalently linked to polysaccharides, forming two groups: proteins covalently attached to ␤(1,3)-D-glucan (PIR proteins) through an alkali-labile glutamine residue and proteins covalently attached by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor to the ␤(1,6)-D-glucan, which can be removed by glucanase treatment. Two PIR-type and 33 hypothetical GPI proteins encoded by the S. pombe genome have been previously described (24,25). In contrast to most fungi, no chitin has been detected in the cell wall of vegetative cells in fission yeast (26,27).…”

Section: Cell Wall and Septum In Fission Yeast Cell Wall Composition mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PIR proteins are covalently linked to ␤(1,3)-D-glucan through an alkali-labile glutamine bond (55). Only two PIR-type proteins have been described in S. pombe: Psu1, similar to S. cerevisiae SUN family proteins; and Asl1, related to proteins from Aspergillus fumigatus and Ustilago maydis (25). Chitin is a minor component of the budding yeast cell wall, but it is essential for cell integrity because of its function in cell division.…”

Section: Cell Wall and Septum Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Cell Biology of Fission Yeast Septation

Cortés

Ramos

Osumi

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARYIn animal cells, cytokinesis requires the formation of a cleavage furrow that divides the cell into two daughter cells. Furrow formation is achieved by constriction of an actomyosin ring that invaginates the plasma membrane. However, fungal cells contain a rigid extracellular cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane; thus, fungal cytokinesis also requires the formation of a special septum wall structure between the dividing cells. The septum biosynthesis must be strictly coordinated with the deposition of new plasma membrane material and actomyosin ring closure and must occur in such a way that no breach in the cell wall occurs at any time. Because of the high turgor pressure in the fungal cell, even a minor local defect might lead to cell lysis and death. Here we review our knowledge of the septum structure in the fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombeand of the recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between septum biosynthesis and actomyosin ring constriction and how the two collaborate to build a cross-walled septum able to support the high turgor pressure of the cell. In addition, we discuss the importance of the septum biosynthesis for the steady ingression of the cleavage furrow.

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Section: Cell Wall and Septum In Fission Yeast Cell Wall Composition mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cell Wall and Septum Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Cell Biology of Fission Yeast Septation

Cortés

Ramos

Osumi

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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“…Considering that Pma1 is an integral membrane protein with 10 predicted transmembrane domains, this indicates that the plasma membrane is packed with Pma1 (84). Our data can further be used as a starting point for a more quantitative analysis of other yeasts such as Candida glabrata (62) and other Candida spp., the industrial yeast Kluyveromyces lactis (85), and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (86,87). Interestingly, the haploid yeast form of E. dermatitidis (exponential-phase cells growing in rich medium) has been studied in depth by serial sectioning followed by a quantitative three-dimensional structural analysis (36,37).…”

Section: Growth Rates and Surface Expansion Rates Of S Cerevisiae Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Wall-Related Bionumbers and Bioestimates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans

2014

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Bionumbers and bioestimates are valuable tools in biological research. Here we focus on cell wall-related bionumbers and bioestimates of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the polymorphic, pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. We discuss the linear relationship between cell size and cell ploidy, the correlation between cell size and specific growth rate, the effect of turgor pressure on cell size, and the reason why using fixed cells for measuring cellular dimensions can result in serious underestimation of in vivo values. We further consider the evidence that individual buds and hyphae grow linearly and that exponential growth of the population results from regular formation of new daughter cells and regular hyphal branching. Our calculations show that hyphal growth allows C. albicans to cover much larger distances per unit of time than the yeast mode of growth and that this is accompanied by strongly increased surface expansion rates. We therefore predict that the transcript levels of genes involved in wall formation increase during hyphal growth. Interestingly, wall proteins and polysaccharides seem barely, if at all, subject to turnover and replacement. A general lesson is how strongly most bionumbers and bioestimates depend on environmental conditions and genetic background, thus reemphasizing the importance of well-defined and carefully chosen culture conditions and experimental approaches. Finally, we propose that the numbers and estimates described here offer a solid starting point for similar studies of other cell compartments and other yeast species.

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“…These include the glucanase/glucan transferase enzymes involved in cross-linking the wall polymers, adhesins, signal pathway receptors, and structural proteins (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Some of these cell wall proteins have been shown to be critical for virulence and for the formation and functionality of the cell wall.…”

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confidence: 99%

The N-Linked Outer Chain Mannans and the Dfg5p and Dcw1p Endo-α-1,6-Mannanases Are Needed for Incorporation of Candida albicans Glycoproteins into the Cell Wall

Chinnici

Maddi

et al. 2015

Eukaryot Cell

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A biochemical pathway for the incorporation of cell wall protein into the cell wall of Neurospora crassa was recently proposed. In this pathway, the DFG-5 and DCW-1 endo-␣-1,6-mannanases function to covalently cross-link cell wall protein-associated N-linked galactomannans, which are structurally related to the yeast outer chain mannans, into the cell wall glucan-chitin matrix. In this report, we demonstrate that the mannosyltransferase enzyme Och1p, which is needed for the synthesis of the N-linked outer chain mannan, is essential for the incorporation of cell wall glycoproteins into the Candida albicans cell wall. Using endoglycosidases, we show that C. albicans cell wall proteins are cross-linked into the cell wall via their N-linked outer chain mannans. We further demonstrate that the Dfg5p and Dcw1p ␣-1,6-mannanases are needed for the incorporation of cell wall glycoproteins into the C. albicans cell wall. Our results support the hypothesis that the Dfg5p and Dcw1p ␣-1,6-mannanases incorporate cell wall glycoproteins into the C. albicans cell wall by cross-linking outer chain mannans into the cell wall glucan-chitin matrix.T he fungal cell wall plays a critical role in fungal survival, growth, and morphology. The fungal cell wall is generated by the cross-linking of glucans, chitin, and cell wall proteins in the cell wall space to create a three-dimensional matrix (1-6). In Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the major glucans in the cell wall are ␤-1,3-glucan and ␤-1,6-glucan (1-8). The ␤-1,3-glucan and chitin elements are synthesized as linear polymers and extruded into the cell wall space during their synthesis by glucan synthases and chitin synthases. These enzymes use UDP-glucose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as substrates and add glucose and N-acetylglucosamine to the nonreducing ends of the nascent glucan and chitin polymers. As the glucan and chitin polymers are extruded into the cell wall space, they are cross-linked by groups of cell wall enzymes with glucanase and glucan transferase (transglycosylase) activities. ␤-1,6-Glucan has been implicated in crosslinking the other cell wall elements (1-3, 6). The enzymes involved in cross-linking the glucan and chitin polymers are encoded by multigene families which produce enzymes with overlapping specificities.Fungal cell walls have a characteristic array of integral cell wall proteins which are cross-linked into the glucan-chitin matrix. These include the glucanase/glucan transferase enzymes involved in cross-linking the wall polymers, adhesins, signal pathway receptors, and structural proteins (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Some of these cell wall proteins have been shown to be critical for virulence and for the formation and functionality of the cell wall. These proteins contain signal peptide sequences at their N termini and travel through the canonical secretory pathway. As these proteins pass through the C. albicans endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus, they become heavily glycosylated with O-linked and N-linked oligosaccharides. Th...

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Mass spectrometric identification of covalently bound cell wall proteins from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Cited by 47 publications

References 50 publications

The Cell Biology of Fission Yeast Septation

The Cell Biology of Fission Yeast Septation

Cell Wall-Related Bionumbers and Bioestimates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans

The N-Linked Outer Chain Mannans and the Dfg5p and Dcw1p Endo-α-1,6-Mannanases Are Needed for Incorporation of Candida albicans Glycoproteins into the Cell Wall

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