Mass-spectrometric monitoring of ions in plasmas and swarms

Inductively coupled argon plasma as an ion source for mass spectrometric determination of trace elements

“…Plasma Therm, Inc. Kresson, NJ similar to Ames Laboratory design (36) modified Margoshes-Veil-Ion desolvation system (37) Orifice disk: molybdenum disk (5) sampler cone with extraction orifice (detailed diagram in Figure 2); (6) electrostatic ion lens assembly; (7) quadrupole mass analyzer; (8) channeltron electron multiplier; (9) pumping port to slide valve and diffusion pump (first pumping stage); (10) pumping port to slide valve, liquid nitrogen baffle, and diffusion pump (second pumping stage).…”

“…In these techniques solution aerosols are injected directly into a variety of high-temperature atomization cells at atmospheric pressure for vaporization, atomization, and excitation. These flames and plasmas often provide significant populations of positive ions, which can be extracted through an appropriate sampling orifice into a vacuum system for mass analysis and detection (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Ions derived from elemental constituents of injected solution aerosols should also be extractable by a similar approach.…”

“…Figure 1. Schematic diagram of ICP, ion sampling interface, and vacuum system: (1) analyte aerosol from nebulizer; (2) ICP torch and load coil; (3) shielding box; (4) skimmer with plasma plume shown streaming through central hole; (5) sampler cone with extraction orifice (detailed diagram inFigure2);(6) electrostatic ion lens assembly; (7) quadrupole mass analyzer; (8) channeltron electron multiplier; (9) pumping port to slide valve and diffusion pump (first pumping stage);(10) pumping port to slide valve, liquid nitrogen baffle, and diffusion pump (second pumping stage).…”

$ G$-identities of non-associative algebras

“…Such orifice probes have been studied by numerous authors (Tonks et a1 1926, Ionov and Tontegode 1964, Bohm and Goodings 1966a,b, Williams 1966,' Franklin et aZ1968, Bakulin et aZl969, Okamoto and Tamagawa 1969, 1970, Amemiya and Dote 1970, Hiraoka and Kamada 1971, Coburn and Kay 1971, SCguin et a1 1972, Prokopenko et a1 1972, 1974a,b, Chang et aZ 1973, 1976, Goldan 1970, Vasile and Smolinsky 1973, Amemiya 1974, Prokopenko and Goodings 1975, Hasted 1975. Most of these papers deal with non-magnetised plasmas.…”