Mass spectrometry: principles and instrumentation

Kaklamanos, George; Aprea, Eugenio; Theodoridis, Georgios

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813266-1.00011-5

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The working principle of MS considers three stages: conversion, characterization, and detection. The equipment converts the sample into gaseous ions by ionization, which are then separated by a mass-to-charge ratio ( m/z ) in a mass analyzer and, in the end, are detected and recorded by a detection system according to the amount of each ion species [ 93 , 94 ]. Despite the advantages of using NRM, in the dispute between NRM and MS detection methods, MS usually comes out ahead as the choice in most metabolomic studies.…”

Section: Platforms For Metabolomic Studies: Analytical Methods and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Metabolites as Tools for Authentication, Processing, and Nutritive Value Assessment

Pedrosa

Lima

Heleno

et al. 2021

Foods

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Secondary metabolites are molecules with unlimited applications that have been gaining importance in various industries and studied from many angles. They are mainly used for their bioactive capabilities, but due to the improvement of sensibility in analytical chemistry, they are also used for authentication and as a quality control parameter for foods, further allowing to help avoid food adulteration and food fraud, as well as helping understand the nutritional value of foods. This manuscript covers the examples of secondary metabolites that have been used as qualitative and authentication molecules in foods, from production, through processing and along their shelf-life. Furthermore, perspectives of analytical chemistry and their contribution to metabolite detection and general perspectives of metabolomics are also discussed.

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Section: Platforms For Metabolomic Studies: Analytical Methods and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Metabolites as Tools for Authentication, Processing, and Nutritive Value Assessment

Pedrosa

Lima

Heleno

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…The m/z ratio of the produced ions allows the detection and/or quantification of both known and unknown compounds present in a sample and detected in the ionized form, providing information on its chemical composition by accurate mass measurement obtained by HRMS analysis (Kaklamanos et al, 2020). In the mass spectrometer system, three main elements must be considered: the ion source, the mass analyzer, and the detector.…”

Section: Ms Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry‐based approaches to assess the botanical authenticity of dietary supplements

Grazina

Mafra

Monaci

et al. 2023

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Dietary supplements are legally considered foods despite frequently including medicinal plants as ingredients. Currently, the consumption of herbal dietary supplements, also known as plant food supplements (PFS), is increasing worldwide and some raw botanicals, highly demanded due to their popularity, extensive use, and/or well‐established pharmacological effects, have been attaining high prices in the international markets. Therefore, botanical adulteration for profit increase can occur along the whole PFS industry chain, from raw botanicals to plant extracts, until final PFS. Besides the substitution of high‐value species, unintentional mislabeling can happen in morphologically similar species. Both cases represent a health risk for consumers, prompting the development of numerous works to access botanical adulterations in PFS. Among different approaches proposed for this purpose, mass spectrometry (MS)‐based techniques have often been reported as the most promising, particularly when hyphenated with chromatographic techniques. Thus, this review aims at describing an overview of the developments in this field, focusing on the applications of MS‐based techniques to targeted and untargeted analysis to detect botanical adulterations in plant materials, extracts, and PFS.

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“…In nature, the isotopes of an element tend to distribute themselves in a different way between coexisting phases of the same system, and this phenomenon is called isotopic fractionation (Tiwari et al, 2015). Since the isotope ratio of the elements is influenced by both chemical-physical and biological processes, both on a local scale (living organism, ecosystem) and on a global scale (biogeochemical cycles), IRMS represents a technique with applications in different fields such as geology, biology, forensic science, and environmental science (Kaklamanos et al, 2020). The IRMS does not provide absolute measurements, but the results are expressed in relation to an internationally accepted reference standard, such as Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB) for carbon, Vienna Canyon Diablo Troilite meteorite (V-CDT) for sulfur, Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) for oxygen and hydrogen, and laboratory air for nitrogen (Muccio and Jackson, 2009).…”

Section: Pixe and Irms Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the PM2.5 aerosol fraction monitored at a suburban site in south-eastern Italy by integrating isotopic techniques and ion beam analysis

Romano

Pichierri

Fragola

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Both teflon and quartz PM2.5 filters collected from January to July 2021 at the monitoring site of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of the University of Salento in Lecce (Italy) were analyzed by integrating different characterization techniques (Particle Induced X-ray Emission PIXE, Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry IRMS, and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry AMS) at the CEDAD (Center of Applied Physics, Dating and Diagnostics) of the Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento. The PM2.5 concentration analyses allowed to identify the variation of the main PM2.5 characteristics as a function of the season and the day of the week. This last characterization was integrated by the results from the PIXE, which allowed to identify the heavy elements and their concentrations. The main results showed the presence of different elements, such as S and Zn (considered as markers of anthropogenic sources for PM2.5) and Ca and Fe (as markers of natural sources). The concentrations of these elements showed a significant decrease during the weekend, mostly in the case of elements of anthropogenic origin, according to the data on the PM2.5 temporal evolution. Using the isotopic markers of carbon and nitrogen by means of the IRMS, we determined values of δ15N between 4.5 and 10.6‰, which are consistent with the origin of PM2.5 from anthropic combustion processes and a secondary contribution from vehicular traffic. Similarly, the values of δ13C obtained by IRMS were in the range between −24.4 and −26.7‰, generally associated with biomass combustion and with vehicular traffic. An analysis of the fossil and modern contribution was carried out on the PM2.5 filters by measuring radiocarbon using the integrated IRMS-EA system connected with the TANDETRON accelerator and AMS spectrometer. In more detail, we found a percentage of modern carbon in the range 71.6–92.4% that indicates a larger bio-derived contribution with respect to the contribution from fossil sources during the analyzed period. The parameters obtained from PIXE, IRMS, and AMS techniques were finally used as input for different ordination methods that allowed their deeper characterization.

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Mass spectrometry: principles and instrumentation

Cited by 17 publications

References 87 publications

Food Metabolites as Tools for Authentication, Processing, and Nutritive Value Assessment

Food Metabolites as Tools for Authentication, Processing, and Nutritive Value Assessment

Mass spectrometry‐based approaches to assess the botanical authenticity of dietary supplements

Characterization of the PM2.5 aerosol fraction monitored at a suburban site in south-eastern Italy by integrating isotopic techniques and ion beam analysis

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